Study on distribution of Ixodid ticks of cattle in Bedele District, South Western Ethiopia

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00309

Geremew Haile Lemu , Samuel Milki Kibi , Isayas Asefa Kebede , Haben Fesseha Gebremeskel

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Ticks cause substantial losses in cattle production, in terms of diseases, and reduced productivity, and are economically the most important ectoparasites of cattle.

Methods

A cross-section study was conducted from January 2022 to August 2022 in the Bedele district to identify genera and species of Ixodid ticks infesting cattle and determine the prevalence concerning host-related factors. Adult ixodid ticks were collected from 384 randomly selected cattle by using forceps and preserved in separate collecting bottles with 70% ethyl alcohol. The collected ticks were identified under stereomicroscope into species based on their morphology.

Results

Out of the 384 cattle examined, 276 (71.9%) were found with being infested by one or more tick species. A total of 3192 ticks were collected and identified. Three genera; namely Amblyomma, Boophilus and Rhipicephalus, and four species (Amb. cohaerence, Boophilus decoloratus, Amb. variegatem, and Rhip. evertsi evertsi) were identified with a prevalence rate of 44.8%, 26.8%, 14.1%, and 14% respectively. The respective prevalence for assessed risk factors was: 71.32%, 68.75%, 74.72%, 72.72%, 82.02%, 68.81%, 72.97%, 69.19%, 75.25%, 72.25%, 71.34%, 72.93%, 67.65%, 75.00% Bedele Town, Haro, Ilike Kararo, Obolo Bachara, Cross Breed, Local Breed, Young, Adult, Old, Male, Female, Poor, Medium, and Good, respectively. Only the association between the breed of cattle is statistically significant in terms of the prevalence of ticks (p < 0.05), and others risk factors (Kebele, age, sex, and body condition) were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Tick species were highly distributed on the udder part with a prevalence of (26.3%) and least in the vulva body region of the cattle (2.3%).

Conclusions

The present study indicated there is a high prevalence of ixodid tick infestation, especially in local cattle breeds, adults, males, poor body condition, and Bedele town. In line with this, further studies on factors affecting tick burden and tick control strategies are recommended.

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埃塞俄比亚西南部比德勒地区牛伊蚊蜱的分布研究

背景:就疾病和生产力降低而言，蜱虫对牛的生产造成了重大损失，并且在经济上是牛的最重要的体外寄生虫。方法于2022年1月至2022年8月在比得勒地区进行横断面调查，鉴定牛系伊蚊属、种，并分析宿主相关因素的流行情况。随机选取384头牛，用钳子采集成蜱，分别装入70%乙醇的收集瓶中保存。采集到的蜱在体视显微镜下根据其形态进行物种鉴定。结果384头牛中有276头(71.9%)被蜱虫感染。共收集鉴定蜱虫3192只。三个属;即弱肉目、肉糜目和鼻头目四种。一致性，脱色乳杆菌，Amb。杂交种和赖普。Evertsi Evertsi的患病率分别为44.8%、26.8%、14.1%和14%。评估危险因素的患病率分别为:71.32%、68.75%、74.72%、72.72%、82.02%、68.81%、72.97%、69.19%、75.25%、72.25%、71.34%、72.93%、67.65%、75.00%比德尔镇、哈罗、伊利克卡拉罗、Obolo Bachara、杂交品种、地方品种、年轻、成年、老年、雄性、雌性、差、中、好。就蜱虫的流行率而言，只有牛的品种之间的关联具有统计学意义(p <0.05)，其他危险因素(身高、年龄、性别、身体状况)均无统计学意义(p >0.05)。蜱类主要分布在牛的胸部，发病率为26.3%，最低分布在牛的外阴部位(2.3%)。结论该地区蜱虫孳生率较高，主要分布在地方牛种、成人、雄性、体质差和比得勒镇。因此，建议进一步研究影响蜱虫负担的因素和蜱虫控制策略。

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来源期刊

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

17 weeks

期刊介绍： Parasite Epidemiology and Control is an Open Access journal. There is an increasing amount of research in the parasitology area that analyses the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. This epidemiology of parasite infectious diseases is predominantly studied in human populations but also spans other major hosts of parasitic infections and as such this journal will have a broad remit. We will focus on the major areas of epidemiological study including disease etiology, disease surveillance, drug resistance and geographical spread and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects in clinical trials for both human and other animals. We will also look at the epidemiology and control of vector insects. The journal will also cover the use of geographic information systems (Epi-GIS) for epidemiological surveillance which is a rapidly growing area of research in infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological approaches are also particularly encouraged.