{"title":"Health care workers' mental health in the face of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Sulmaz Ghahramani, Hengameh Kasraei, Ramin Hayati, Reza Tabrizi, Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2022.2101927","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare workers are leading the way in treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to the high levels of psychological stress, this group is more likely to experience psychological issues. These psychological problems in healthcare providers include depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to find out how common these problems were in the face of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On 20 February 2022, systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Science Direct, Web of Science and ProQuest databases. Two authors selected articles based on search keywords. As a last step, articles about the prevalence of psychological problems among healthcare workers in the face of COVID-19 were looked at and analysed for five different outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial search yielded 18,609 articles. After reviewing the titles, abstracts and full texts of the articles, 44 were chosen for the final analysis and 29 were subjected to a meta-analysis. Insomnia, anxiety, depression, PTSD and stress are among the psychological issues faced by healthcare workers. Furthermore, the highest pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety, insomnia, PTSD and stress was 36% (95% confidence interval (CI) 24-50%), 47% (95% CI 22-74%), 49% (95% CI 28-70%), 37% (95% CI 19-59%) and 27% (95% CI 6-69%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this meta-analysis, insomnia was found to be the most common mental health problem, followed by anxiety, PTSD, depression and stress in healthcare workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Generally, the pooled prevalence of these mental health problems was higher among physicians, nurses and older staff in the subgroup analysis. As a result, health policymakers and managers of the health care system should think about effective interventions to promote mental health, paying particular attention to these two groups.Key pointsStudies conducted in China reported more mental problems than in other countries.Health policymakers and health system managers should hold training programs to promote healthcare workers' mental health with a particular focus on more vulnerable groups.The prevalence of PTSD, stress, anxiety, depression and insomnia were higher among physicians, nurses and older staff.Health systems at both national and local levels have to take older physicians, nurses and healthcare providers into consideration while designing interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":"27 2","pages":"208-217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"37","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13651501.2022.2101927","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
Abstract
Background: Healthcare workers are leading the way in treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to the high levels of psychological stress, this group is more likely to experience psychological issues. These psychological problems in healthcare providers include depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to find out how common these problems were in the face of COVID-19.
Methods: On 20 February 2022, systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Science Direct, Web of Science and ProQuest databases. Two authors selected articles based on search keywords. As a last step, articles about the prevalence of psychological problems among healthcare workers in the face of COVID-19 were looked at and analysed for five different outcomes.
Results: The initial search yielded 18,609 articles. After reviewing the titles, abstracts and full texts of the articles, 44 were chosen for the final analysis and 29 were subjected to a meta-analysis. Insomnia, anxiety, depression, PTSD and stress are among the psychological issues faced by healthcare workers. Furthermore, the highest pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety, insomnia, PTSD and stress was 36% (95% confidence interval (CI) 24-50%), 47% (95% CI 22-74%), 49% (95% CI 28-70%), 37% (95% CI 19-59%) and 27% (95% CI 6-69%).
Conclusions: In this meta-analysis, insomnia was found to be the most common mental health problem, followed by anxiety, PTSD, depression and stress in healthcare workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Generally, the pooled prevalence of these mental health problems was higher among physicians, nurses and older staff in the subgroup analysis. As a result, health policymakers and managers of the health care system should think about effective interventions to promote mental health, paying particular attention to these two groups.Key pointsStudies conducted in China reported more mental problems than in other countries.Health policymakers and health system managers should hold training programs to promote healthcare workers' mental health with a particular focus on more vulnerable groups.The prevalence of PTSD, stress, anxiety, depression and insomnia were higher among physicians, nurses and older staff.Health systems at both national and local levels have to take older physicians, nurses and healthcare providers into consideration while designing interventions.
背景:医护人员在治疗2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)患者方面处于领先地位。由于高水平的心理压力，这一群体更容易经历心理问题。这些心理问题包括抑郁、焦虑、失眠、压力和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。这项系统综述和荟萃分析的目的是找出这些问题在COVID-19面前有多普遍。方法:于2022年2月20日系统检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Scopus、EMBASE、Science Direct、Web of Science和ProQuest数据库。两位作者根据搜索关键词选择文章。作为最后一步，研究人员研究了关于面对COVID-19的医护人员中心理问题普遍存在的文章，并对五种不同的结果进行了分析。结果:最初的搜索产生了18609篇文章。在审查了文章的标题、摘要和全文后，选择了44篇文章进行最终分析，29篇文章进行meta分析。失眠、焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍和压力是医护人员面临的心理问题。此外，抑郁、焦虑、失眠、创伤后应激障碍和压力的最高总患病率为36%(95%置信区间(CI) 24-50%)、47% (95% CI 22-74%)、49% (95% CI 28-70%)、37% (95% CI 19-59%)和27% (95% CI 6-69%)。结论:在这项荟萃分析中，失眠是面对COVID-19大流行的医护人员最常见的心理健康问题，其次是焦虑、创伤后应激障碍、抑郁和压力。总的来说，在亚组分析中，这些心理健康问题的总患病率在医生、护士和老年员工中较高。因此，卫生政策制定者和卫生保健系统的管理者应该考虑有效的干预措施，以促进精神卫生，特别注意这两个群体。在中国进行的研究报告了比其他国家更多的精神问题。卫生政策制定者和卫生系统管理者应该举办培训项目，以促进卫生工作者的心理健康，并特别关注更脆弱的群体。创伤后应激障碍、压力、焦虑、抑郁和失眠的患病率在医生、护士和老年员工中较高。在设计干预措施时，国家和地方各级的卫生系统都必须考虑到老年医生、护士和卫生保健提供者。
期刊介绍：
International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice provides an international forum for communication among health professionals with clinical, academic and research interests in psychiatry.
The journal gives particular emphasis to papers that integrate the findings of academic research into realities of clinical practice.
Focus on the practical aspects of managing and treating patients.
Essential reading for the busy psychiatrist, trainee and interested physician.
Includes original research papers, comprehensive review articles and short communications.
Key words: Psychiatry, Neuropsychopharmacology, Mental health, Neuropsychiatry, Clinical Neurophysiology, Psychophysiology, Psychotherapy, Addiction, Schizophrenia, Depression, Bipolar Disorders and Anxiety.
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