Childhood maladaptive coping mechanisms and the subsequent development of depression

IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
James Reich, Alan Schatzberg
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Depression is a major source of symptoms and disability. In adults, maladaptive coping (usually characterized as personality dysfunction) has been shown to be associated with a depression diagnosis and poorer depression outcome. As adults with maladaptive coping difficulties are more prone to depression, we hypothesized that children with childhood disorders that involve poor coping would increase the risk of later developing depressive disorders.

Methods

Longitudinal studies of conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and Disruptive Disorder (DD) that included a later measure of depressive disorder were reviewed. Meta-analyses of CD and ODD + DD were performed to predict increased odds of depression.

Results

Eight longitudinal studies were found where there was a measure of CD followed by depressive disorder assessment and nine studies for the variables ODD + DD. All of these studies showed these diagnoses were a significant risk factor for later depression. For the studies included in the meta-analysis CD predicted depression OR = 3.9 (1.6–9.3) (six studies), while ODD + DD also predicted depression OR = 5.6 (2.7–11.8) (five studies).

Conclusions

Childhood disorders with maladaptive coping may increase the odds of later development of a depressive disorder diagnosis. If so, these diagnoses might also indicate an early intervention possibility to prevent depression.

儿童适应不良的应对机制和抑郁症的后续发展
抑郁症是症状和残疾的主要来源。在成人中,适应不良的应对(通常以人格功能障碍为特征)已被证明与抑郁症诊断和较差的抑郁症结果有关。由于患有适应不良应对困难的成年人更容易患抑郁症,我们假设患有儿童障碍的儿童涉及不良应对会增加后来发展为抑郁症的风险。方法对品行障碍(CD)、对立违抗性障碍(ODD)和破坏性障碍(DD)的纵向研究进行回顾性分析。对CD和ODD + DD进行meta分析以预测抑郁症的增加几率。结果在8项纵向研究中发现了CD的测量与抑郁障碍的评估,9项研究中发现了ODD + DD的变量。所有这些研究都表明,这些诊断是日后抑郁症的重要风险因素。在纳入meta分析的研究中,CD预测抑郁OR = 3.9(1.6-9.3)(6项研究),ODD + DD也预测抑郁OR = 5.6(2.7-11.8)(5项研究)。结论儿童期障碍伴适应不良可能增加日后发展为抑郁症的几率。如果是这样,这些诊断也可能表明早期干预预防抑郁症的可能性。
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来源期刊
Clinical psychology & psychotherapy
Clinical psychology & psychotherapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
5.60%
发文量
106
期刊介绍: Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy aims to keep clinical psychologists and psychotherapists up to date with new developments in their fields. The Journal will provide an integrative impetus both between theory and practice and between different orientations within clinical psychology and psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy will be a forum in which practitioners can present their wealth of expertise and innovations in order to make these available to a wider audience. Equally, the Journal will contain reports from researchers who want to address a larger clinical audience with clinically relevant issues and clinically valid research.
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