The Role of Working Memory and Short-Term Memory in Sentence Comprehension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Probable Alzheimer's Disease.

IF 5.4 2区 心理学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES
Neuropsychology Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-02 DOI:10.1007/s11065-023-09595-2
Giulia Gilardone, Chiara Longo, Costanza Papagno
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Abstract

The role of either short-term memory (STM) or working memory (WM) in sentence comprehension is a matter of debate. Although it is commonly accepted that memory resources are necessary for sentence comprehension, there is no agreement regarding the nature of their role. The aim of this review is to investigate and synthesize assessment tools and correlation data between STM or WM and sentence comprehension in probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). To this aim, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, and LLBA databases were searched. Two independent authors selected peer-reviewed articles published in English and focused on the relationship between STM or WM and sentence comprehension in probable AD. A total of 11 case-control studies were included at the end of the selection process. Most studies adopted offline tasks to evaluate sentence comprehension, while a small number of authors applied online experimental tasks. The digit span forward and backward were the most employed standardized tests to evaluate phonological STM and WM, respectively. The meta-analysis results supported the association between performance on STM and WM and comprehension tasks. However, moderate heterogeneity was found, mainly due to the small number of included studies, especially for STM, and the substantial variability of the adopted tasks. Therefore, in order to clarify the specific source of language comprehension deficits, new and sophisticated experiments should be conducted using adequate material.

Abstract Image

工作记忆和短时记忆在句子理解中的作用:疑似阿尔茨海默病的系统回顾与元分析》。
关于短时记忆(STM)或工作记忆(WM)在句子理解中的作用,一直存在争议。尽管人们普遍认为记忆资源是句子理解的必要条件,但对其作用的性质却没有达成一致。本综述旨在研究和综合可能患有阿尔茨海默病(AD)的患者的 STM 或 WM 与句子理解之间的评估工具和相关数据。为此,我们根据 PRISMA 指南对文献进行了系统性回顾和荟萃分析。检索了 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、PsycInfo 和 LLBA 数据库。两位独立作者选择了以英语发表的、关注STM或WM与疑似AD患者句子理解之间关系的同行评议文章。最后共纳入了 11 项病例对照研究。大多数研究采用离线任务来评估句子理解能力,而少数作者则采用了在线实验任务。数字跨度正向测试和反向测试分别是评估语音 STM 和 WM 的最常用的标准化测试。荟萃分析结果支持 STM 和 WM 的表现与理解任务之间的关联。然而,研究也发现了中等程度的异质性,这主要是由于纳入的研究数量较少,尤其是在 STM 方面,而且所采用的任务也存在很大差异。因此,为了明确语言理解能力缺陷的具体来源,应使用适当的材料进行新的、复杂的实验。
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来源期刊
Neuropsychology Review
Neuropsychology Review 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
1.70%
发文量
36
期刊介绍: Neuropsychology Review is a quarterly, refereed publication devoted to integrative review papers on substantive content areas in neuropsychology, with particular focus on populations with endogenous or acquired conditions affecting brain and function and on translational research providing a mechanistic understanding of clinical problems. Publication of new data is not the purview of the journal. Articles are written by international specialists in the field, discussing such complex issues as distinctive functional features of central nervous system disease and injury; challenges in early diagnosis; the impact of genes and environment on function; risk factors for functional impairment; treatment efficacy of neuropsychological rehabilitation; the role of neuroimaging, neuroelectrophysiology, and other neurometric modalities in explicating function; clinical trial design; neuropsychological function and its substrates characteristic of normal development and aging; and neuropsychological dysfunction and its substrates in neurological, psychiatric, and medical conditions. The journal''s broad perspective is supported by an outstanding, multidisciplinary editorial review board guided by the aim to provide students and professionals, clinicians and researchers with scholarly articles that critically and objectively summarize and synthesize the strengths and weaknesses in the literature and propose novel hypotheses, methods of analysis, and links to other fields.
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