Integrating multiomics data accelerates elucidation of plant primary and secondary metabolic pathways

Abstract

Plants are the most important sources of food for humans, as well as supplying many ingredients that are of great importance for human health. Developing an understanding of the functional components of plant metabolism has attracted considerable attention. The rapid development of liquid chromatography and gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry, has allowed the detection and characterization of many thousands of metabolites of plant origin. Nowadays, elucidating the detailed biosynthesis and degradation pathways of these metabolites represents a major bottleneck in our understanding. Recently, the decreased cost of genome and transcriptome sequencing rendered it possible to identify the genes involving in metabolic pathways. Here, we review the recent research which integrates metabolomic with different omics methods, to comprehensively identify structural and regulatory genes of the primary and secondary metabolic pathways. Finally, we discuss other novel methods that can accelerate the process of identification of metabolic pathways and, ultimately, identify metabolite function(s).