Cardiomyocyte Microtubules: Control of Mechanics, Transport, and Remodeling.

IF 15.7 1区 医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2022-02-10 Epub Date: 2021-10-06 DOI:10.1146/annurev-physiol-062421-040656
Keita Uchida, Emily A Scarborough, Benjamin L Prosser
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Microtubules are essential cytoskeletal elements found in all eukaryotic cells. The structure and composition of microtubules regulate their function, and the dynamic remodeling of the network by posttranslational modifications and microtubule-associated proteins generates diverse populations of microtubules adapted for various contexts. In the cardiomyocyte, the microtubules must accommodate the unique challenges faced by a highly contractile, rigidly structured, and long-lasting cell. Through their canonical trafficking role and positioning of mRNA, proteins, and organelles, microtubules regulate essential cardiomyocyte functions such as electrical activity, calcium handling, protein translation, and growth. In a more specialized role, posttranslationally modified microtubules form load-bearing structures that regulate myocyte mechanics and mechanotransduction. Modified microtubules proliferate in cardiovascular diseases, creating stabilized resistive elements that impede cardiomyocyte contractility and contribute to contractile dysfunction. In this review, we highlight the most exciting new concepts emerging from recent studies into canonical and noncanonical roles of cardiomyocyte microtubules.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

心肌细胞微管:控制力学、运输和重塑。
微管是存在于所有真核细胞中的重要细胞骨架元素。微管的结构和组成调节着微管的功能,翻译后修饰和微管相关蛋白对微管网络的动态重塑产生了适应各种环境的不同微管群。在心肌细胞中,微管必须适应高度收缩、结构坚硬和寿命长的细胞所面临的独特挑战。微管通过其典型的转运作用以及 mRNA、蛋白质和细胞器的定位,调节心肌细胞的基本功能,如电活动、钙处理、蛋白质翻译和生长。翻译后修饰的微管具有更特殊的作用,可形成承重结构,调节心肌细胞的力学和机械传导。在心血管疾病中,修饰的微管会增殖,形成稳定的电阻元件,阻碍心肌细胞的收缩能力,导致收缩功能障碍。在这篇综述中,我们将重点介绍最近关于心肌细胞微管的典型和非典型作用的研究中出现的最令人兴奋的新概念。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Annual review of physiology
Annual review of physiology 医学-生理学
CiteScore
35.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
41
期刊介绍: Since 1939, the Annual Review of Physiology has been highlighting significant developments in animal physiology. The journal covers diverse areas, including cardiovascular physiology, cell physiology, ecological, evolutionary, and comparative physiology, endocrinology, gastrointestinal physiology, neurophysiology, renal and electrolyte physiology, respiratory physiology, and special topics.
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