Immunological and biological dissection of normal and tumoral salivary glands.

IF 4.3 4区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY
Mohammad Reza Haghshenas, Hamid Ghaderi, Hossein Daneste, Abbas Ghaderi
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Salivary glands naturally play central roles in oral immunity. The salivary glands microenvironment inevitable may be exposed to exogenous factors consequently triggering the initiation and formation of various malignant and benign tumors. Mesenchymal stem cells are recruited into salivary gland microenvironment, interact with tumor cells, and induce inhibitory cytokines as well as cells with immunosuppressive phenotypes such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs). The immune components and tumor immune responses in malignant and benign SGTs are still under investigation. Immune responses may directly play a limiting role in tumor growth and expansion, or may participate in formation of a rich milieu for tumor growth in cooperation with other cellular and regulatory molecules. Immune checkpoint molecules (e.g. PDLs, HLA-G and LAG3) are frequently expressed on tumor cells and/or tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in salivary gland microenvironment, and an increase in their expression is associated with T cell exhaustion, immune tolerance and tumor immune escape. Chemokines and chemokine receptors have influential roles on aggressive behaviors of SGTs, and thereby they could be candidate targets for cancer immunotherapy. To present a broad knowledge on salivary glands, this review first provides a brief description on immunological functions of normal salivary glands, and then describe the SGT's tumor microenvironment, by focusing on mesenchymal stem cells, immune cell subsets, immune checkpoint molecules, chemokines and chemokine receptors, and finally introduces immune checkpoint inhibitors as well as potential targets for cancer therapy.

正常和肿瘤唾液腺的免疫学和生物学解剖。
唾液腺在口腔免疫中自然发挥着核心作用。唾液腺微环境不可避免地会受到外源因素的影响,从而触发各种恶性和良性肿瘤的发生和形成。间充质干细胞被招募到唾液腺微环境中,与肿瘤细胞相互作用,并诱导抑制性细胞因子以及具有免疫抑制表型的细胞,如髓源性抑制细胞(MDSCs)和调节性T细胞(Tregs)。恶性和良性sgt的免疫成分和肿瘤免疫反应仍在研究中。免疫反应可能直接限制肿瘤的生长和扩张,或者与其他细胞和调节分子合作参与肿瘤生长的丰富环境的形成。免疫检查点分子(如pdl、HLA-G和LAG3)经常在唾液腺微环境的肿瘤细胞和/或肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(til)上表达,其表达增加与T细胞耗竭、免疫耐受和肿瘤免疫逃逸有关。趋化因子和趋化因子受体对sgt的攻击行为有影响,因此它们可能是癌症免疫治疗的候选靶点。为了广泛地了解唾液腺,本文首先对正常唾液腺的免疫功能进行了简要的介绍,然后从间充质干细胞、免疫细胞亚群、免疫检查点分子、趋化因子和趋化因子受体等方面对SGT的肿瘤微环境进行了描述,最后介绍了免疫检查点抑制剂以及癌症治疗的潜在靶点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
4.00%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: This review journal provides the most current information on basic and translational research in immunology and related fields. In addition to invited reviews, the journal accepts for publication articles and editorials on relevant topics proposed by contributors. Each issue of International Reviews of Immunology contains both solicited and unsolicited review articles, editorials, and ''In-this-Issue'' highlights. The journal also hosts reviews that position the authors'' original work relative to advances in a given field, bridging the gap between annual reviews and the original research articles. This review series is relevant to all immunologists, molecular biologists, microbiologists, translational scientists, industry researchers, and physicians who work in basic and clinical immunology, inflammatory and allergic diseases, vaccines, and additional topics relevant to medical research and drug development that connect immunology to disciplines such as oncology, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. Covered in International Reviews of Immunology: Basic and developmental immunology (innate and adaptive immunity; inflammation; and tumor and microbial immunology); Clinical research (mechanisms of disease in man pertaining to infectious diseases, autoimmunity, allergy, oncology / immunology); and Translational research (relevant to biomarkers, diagnostics, vaccines, and drug development).
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