Update on Central Nervous System Effects of HIV in Adolescents and Young Adults.

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-21 DOI:10.1007/s11904-023-00651-3

Jennifer L McGuire, Judith B Grinspan, Kelly L Jordan-Sciutto

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Abstract

Purpose of review: : Behaviorally acquired (non-perinatal) HIV infection during adolescence and young adulthood occurs in the midst of key brain developmental processes such as frontal lobe neuronal pruning and myelination of white matter, but we know little about the effects of new infection and therapy on the developing brain.

Recent findings: Adolescents and young adults account for a disproportionately high fraction of new HIV infections each year. Limited data exist regarding neurocognitive performance in this age group, but suggest impairment is at least as prevalent as in older adults, despite lower viremia, higher CD4 + T cell counts, and shorter durations of infection in adolescents/young adults. Neuroimaging and neuropathologic studies specific to this population are underway. The full impact of HIV on brain growth and development in youth with behaviorally acquired HIV has yet to be determined; it must be investigated further to develop future targeted treatment and mitigation strategies.

Abstract Image

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艾滋病毒对青少年中枢神经系统影响的最新进展。

回顾目的:行为获得性(非围产期)艾滋病毒感染发生在青春期和青年期的关键大脑发育过程中，如额叶神经元修剪和白质髓鞘形成，但我们对新感染和治疗对发育中的大脑的影响知之甚少。最近的发现:青少年和年轻人在每年新感染的艾滋病毒中占不成比例的高比例。关于这个年龄组的神经认知能力的数据有限，但表明，尽管青少年/年轻人的病毒血症较低，CD4 + T细胞计数较高，感染持续时间较短，但神经认知功能障碍至少与老年人一样普遍。针对这一人群的神经影像学和神经病理学研究正在进行中。艾滋病毒对行为获得性艾滋病毒青少年大脑生长发育的全面影响尚未确定;必须对其进行进一步调查，以制定未来有针对性的治疗和缓解战略。

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来源期刊

Current HIV/AIDS Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

2.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as antiretroviral therapies, behavioral aspects of management, and metabolic complications and comorbidity. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.