Bartolomeo Panizza (1785-1867) and his contribution to the discovery of the visual cortex.

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Journal of neurosurgical sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-09 DOI:10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05696-X
Paolo Perrini, Davide T DI Carlo, Arianna Fava, Nicola Montemurro
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bartolomeo Panizza (1785-1867) was an eminent anatomist and a pupil of Antonio Scarpa (1752-1832) at the University of Pavia. In 1855, before the revolutionary studies of Paul Broca (1824-1880) on aphasia that supported the theory of cortical localizations, Panizza delivered a lecture in Milan on the anatomy of the visual system, Osservazioni sul Nervo Ottico ("Observations on the optic nerve"). This lecture contains the first description of the cortical projection of the visual pathways in the occipital lobe, anticipating the revolutionary studies performed by Hermann Munk (1839-1912) in the late 19th century. The findings of Panizza questioned the assumption of the French physiologist, Marie-Jean-Pierre Flourens (1794-1867) who was defending the holistic concept of cerebral equipotentiality, which was widely accepted among the scientific community in the early 19th century. The present essay highlights the life and the scientific studies of Bartolomeo Panizza, with emphasis on the issue of cerebral localization that was simmering in the scientific community at that time.

巴托洛梅奥·帕尼扎(1785-1867)及其对视觉皮层发现的贡献。
巴托洛梅奥·帕尼扎(Bartolomeo Panizza, 1785-1867)是一位杰出的解剖学家,也是帕维亚大学安东尼奥·斯卡帕(Antonio Scarpa, 1752-1832)的学生。1855年,在Paul Broca(1824-1880)对失语症的革命性研究支持皮层定位理论之前,Panizza在米兰做了一个关于视觉系统解剖的讲座,Osservazioni sul Nervo Ottico(“观察视神经”)。本讲座包含枕叶视觉通路皮层投射的首次描述,预示着赫尔曼·蒙克(Hermann Munk, 1839-1912)在19世纪后期进行的革命性研究。帕尼扎的发现质疑了法国生理学家玛丽-让-皮埃尔·弗洛伦斯(1794-1867)的假设,弗洛伦斯捍卫了大脑等电位的整体概念,这一概念在19世纪初被科学界广泛接受。本文重点介绍了Bartolomeo Panizza的生平和科学研究,重点介绍了当时科学界正在酝酿的大脑定位问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of neurosurgical sciences
Journal of neurosurgical sciences CLINICAL NEUROLOGY-SURGERY
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
5.30%
发文量
202
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences publishes scientific papers on neurosurgery and related subjects (electroencephalography, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuropathology, stereotaxy, neuroanatomy, neuroradiology, etc.). Manuscripts may be submitted in the form of ditorials, original articles, review articles, special articles, letters to the Editor and guidelines. The journal aims to provide its readers with papers of the highest quality and impact through a process of careful peer review and editorial work.
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