{"title":"Revision of <i>Xylonaceae</i> (<i>Xylonales</i>, <i>Xylonomycetes</i>) to include Sarea and Tromera.","authors":"Akira Hashimoto, Hiroshi Masumoto, Rikiya Endoh, Yousuke Degawa, Moriya Ohkuma","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2020.11.001","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The resinicolous fungi <i>Sarea difformis</i> and <i>S. resinae</i> (<i>Sareomycetes</i>) were taxonomically revised on the basis of morphological observations and phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of the nSSU-LSU-<i>rpb1</i>-<i>rpb2</i>-mtSSU genes. The results of phylogenetic analyses show that <i>S. difformis</i> and <i>S. resinae</i> are grouped with members of <i>Xylonomycetes</i>. According to the results of phylogenetic analyses and their sexual and asexual morphs resemblance, <i>Sareomycetes</i> is synonymized with <i>Xylonomycetes</i>. Although <i>Tromera</i> has been considered a synonym of <i>Sarea</i> based on the superficial resemblance of the sexual morph, we show that they are distinct genera and <i>Tromera</i> should be resurrected to accommodate <i>T. resinae</i> (= <i>S. resinae</i>)<i>.</i> <i>Xylonomycetes</i> was morphologically re-circumscribed to comprise a single family (<i>Xylonaceae</i>) with four genera (<i>Sarea</i>, <i>Trinosporium</i>, <i>Tromera</i>, and <i>Xylona</i>) sharing an endophytic or plant saprobic stage in their lifecycle, ascostroma-type ascomata with paraphysoid, <i>Lecanora</i>-type bitunicate asci, and pycnidial asexual morphs. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS sequences and environmental DNA (eDNA) implied a worldwide distribution of the species. Although <i>Symbiotaphrinales</i> has been treated as a member of <i>Xylonomycetes</i> in previous studies, it was shown to be phylogenetically, morphologically, and ecologically distinct. We, therefore, treated <i>Symbiotaphrinales</i> as <i>Pezizomycotina</i> <i>incertae sedis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"62 1","pages":"47-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1a/95/MYC-62-047.PMC9157775.pdf","citationCount":"3","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mycoscience","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2020.11.001","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MYCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Abstract
The resinicolous fungi Sarea difformis and S. resinae (Sareomycetes) were taxonomically revised on the basis of morphological observations and phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of the nSSU-LSU-rpb1-rpb2-mtSSU genes. The results of phylogenetic analyses show that S. difformis and S. resinae are grouped with members of Xylonomycetes. According to the results of phylogenetic analyses and their sexual and asexual morphs resemblance, Sareomycetes is synonymized with Xylonomycetes. Although Tromera has been considered a synonym of Sarea based on the superficial resemblance of the sexual morph, we show that they are distinct genera and Tromera should be resurrected to accommodate T. resinae (= S. resinae).Xylonomycetes was morphologically re-circumscribed to comprise a single family (Xylonaceae) with four genera (Sarea, Trinosporium, Tromera, and Xylona) sharing an endophytic or plant saprobic stage in their lifecycle, ascostroma-type ascomata with paraphysoid, Lecanora-type bitunicate asci, and pycnidial asexual morphs. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS sequences and environmental DNA (eDNA) implied a worldwide distribution of the species. Although Symbiotaphrinales has been treated as a member of Xylonomycetes in previous studies, it was shown to be phylogenetically, morphologically, and ecologically distinct. We, therefore, treated Symbiotaphrinales as Pezizomycotinaincertae sedis.
期刊介绍:
Mycoscience is the official English-language journal of the Mycological Society of Japan and is issued bimonthly. Mycoscience publishes original research articles and reviews on various topics related to fungi including yeasts and other organisms that have traditionally been studied by mycologists. The research areas covered by Mycoscience extend from such purely scientific fields as systematics, evolution, phylogeny, morphology, ecology, physiology, biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology, to agricultural, medical, and industrial applications. New and improved applications of well-established mycological techniques and methods are also covered.