An anterior diaphragmatic hernia incidentally found during coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a rare case report and review of the literature.

Abstract

long-time cigarettes smoker) and arterial hypertension. The patient underwent emergency, off-pump, beating heart bypass surgery through a median sternotomy. The right internal thoracic artery (RIMA) was anastomosed to the LAD and the left internal thoracic artery to the IM. The RIMA harvesting technique and the beating heart off-pump coronary grafting performed on the lateral wall of the heart required opening