Prediction parameters of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction improvement in patients after acute coronary syndrome.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CCR) in patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) resolved by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and to extract the parameters that have the greatest influence on LVDD improvement.

Methods: The study included 85 subjects who were divided into intervention (N = 56) and control (N = 29) groups depending on CCR attendance. Initially and after 12 weeks, patients of both groups were subjected to echocardiography to assess LVDD, as well as CPET to assess improvement in functional capacity.

Results: The study showed that 23 patients (27.1%) of both groups demonstrated the improvement of LVDD degree. The improvement of the LVDD degree in the intervention group was significant, whereas in the control group, it did not change (a one-degree improvement in 22 (39.3%) patients of the intervention group (p < 0.001) and only 1 (3.4%) (p > 0.05) in the control group). Multivariate binary logistic regression showed that key parameters in LVDD improvement were participation in the CCR, E/A ratio and haemoglobin value. We created a model, for prediction of LVDF improvement, with a cut-off value of 33 (area = 0.9, p < 0.0005), a sensitivity of 87.0% and a specificity of 85.5%.

Conclusions: CCR can be used as an effective non-pharmacological measure to improve LVDD and functional capacity in patients after ACS. The statistical model may have practical application in prediction of clinical benefit in such a group of patients.