Significance of an Electrochemical Sensor and Nanocomposites: Toward the Electrocatalytic Detection of Neurotransmitters and Their Importance within the Physiological System

IF 4.8 Q2 NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY
Harjot Kaur, Samarjeet Singh Siwal*, Reena V. Saini, Nirankar Singh and Vijay Kumar Thakur*, 
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引用次数: 19

Abstract

A prominent neurotransmitter (NT), dopamine (DA), is a chemical messenger that transmits signals between one neuron to the next to pass on a signal to and from the central nervous system (CNS). The imbalanced concentration of DA may cause numerous neurological sicknesses and syndromes, for example, Parkinson’s disease (PD) and schizophrenia. There are many types of NTs in the brain, including epinephrine, norepinephrine (NE), serotonin, and glutamate. Electrochemical sensors have offered a creative direction to biomedical analysis and testing. Researches are in progress to improve the performance of sensors and develop new protocols for sensor design. This review article focuses on the area of sensor growth to discover the applicability of polymers and metallic particles and composite materials as tools in electrochemical sensor surface incorporation. Electrochemical sensors have attracted the attention of researchers as they possess high sensitivity, quick reaction rate, good controllability, and instantaneous detection. Efficient complex materials provide considerable benefits for biological detection as they have exclusive chemical and physical properties. Due to distinctive electrocatalytic characteristics, metallic nanoparticles add fascinating traits to materials that depend on the material’s morphology and size. Herein, we have collected much information on NTs and their importance within the physiological system. Furthermore, the electrochemical sensors and corresponding techniques (such as voltammetric, amperometry, impedance, and chronoamperometry) and the different types of electrodes’ roles in the analysis of NTs are discussed. Furthermore, other methods for detecting NTs include optical and microdialysis methods. Finally, we show the advantages and disadvantages of different techniques and conclude remarks with future perspectives.

Abstract Image

电化学传感器和纳米复合材料的意义:神经递质电催化检测及其在生理系统中的重要性
一种重要的神经递质(NT),多巴胺(DA),是一种化学信使,在一个神经元与另一个神经元之间传递信号,将信号传递给中枢神经系统(CNS)。DA浓度不平衡可能导致许多神经系统疾病和综合征,例如帕金森病(PD)和精神分裂症。大脑中有许多类型的NT,包括肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、血清素和谷氨酸。电化学传感器为生物医学分析和测试提供了一个创造性的方向。提高传感器性能和开发新的传感器设计协议的研究正在进行中。这篇综述文章聚焦于传感器生长领域,以发现聚合物、金属颗粒和复合材料作为电化学传感器表面结合工具的适用性。电化学传感器具有灵敏度高、反应速度快、可控性好、检测速度快等特点,引起了研究人员的关注。高效的复杂材料具有独特的化学和物理特性,为生物检测提供了相当大的好处。由于独特的电催化特性,金属纳米颗粒为材料添加了迷人的特性,这些特性取决于材料的形态和尺寸。在此,我们收集了许多关于NT及其在生理系统中的重要性的信息。此外,还讨论了电化学传感器和相应的技术(如伏安法、电流法、阻抗法和计时电流法)以及不同类型的电极在NTs分析中的作用。此外,检测NT的其他方法包括光学和微透析方法。最后,我们展示了不同技术的优缺点,并对未来的发展前景进行了总结。
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来源期刊
ACS Nanoscience Au
ACS Nanoscience Au 材料科学、纳米科学-
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: ACS Nanoscience Au is an open access journal that publishes original fundamental and applied research on nanoscience and nanotechnology research at the interfaces of chemistry biology medicine materials science physics and engineering.The journal publishes short letters comprehensive articles reviews and perspectives on all aspects of nanoscience and nanotechnology:synthesis assembly characterization theory modeling and simulation of nanostructures nanomaterials and nanoscale devicesdesign fabrication and applications of organic inorganic polymer hybrid and biological nanostructuresexperimental and theoretical studies of nanoscale chemical physical and biological phenomenamethods and tools for nanoscience and nanotechnologyself- and directed-assemblyzero- one- and two-dimensional materialsnanostructures and nano-engineered devices with advanced performancenanobiotechnologynanomedicine and nanotoxicologyACS Nanoscience Au also publishes original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials engineering physics bioscience and chemistry into important applications of nanomaterials.
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