Paramyxoviruses from bats: changes in receptor specificity and their role in host adaptation

IF 5.7 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY
Griffin D Haas, Benhur Lee
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Global metagenomic surveys have revealed that bats host a diverse array of paramyxoviruses, including species from at least five major genera. An essential determinant of successful spillover is the entry of a virus into a new host. We evaluate the role of receptor usage in the zoonotic potential of bat-borne henipaviruses, morbilliviruses, pararubulaviruses, orthorubulaviruses, and jeilongviruses; successful spillover into humans depends upon compatibility of a respective viral attachment protein with its cognate receptor. We also emphasize the importance of postentry restrictions in preventing spillover. Metagenomics and characterization of newly identified paramyxoviruses have greatly improved our understanding of spillover determinants, allowing for better forecasts of which bat-borne viruses may pose the greatest risk for cross-species transmission into humans.

Abstract Image

蝙蝠副粘病毒:受体特异性的变化及其在宿主适应中的作用
全球宏基因组调查显示,蝙蝠携带多种副粘病毒,包括至少五个主要属的物种。成功溢出的一个重要决定因素是病毒进入新宿主。我们评估了受体使用在蝙蝠传播的亨尼帕病毒、麻疹病毒、副卢布拉病毒、正卢布拉病毒和jeilong病毒的人畜共患潜力中的作用;成功地扩散到人类中取决于相应的病毒附着蛋白与其同源受体的兼容性。我们还强调入境后限制在防止外溢方面的重要性。宏基因组学和新发现的副粘病毒的特征极大地提高了我们对溢出决定因素的理解,使我们能够更好地预测哪些蝙蝠传播的病毒可能对跨物种传播给人类构成最大风险。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.80
自引率
5.10%
发文量
76
审稿时长
83 days
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Virology (COVIRO) is a systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up to date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of virology. It publishes 6 issues per year covering the following 11 sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: Emerging viruses: interspecies transmission; Viral immunology; Viral pathogenesis; Preventive and therapeutic vaccines; Antiviral strategies; Virus structure and expression; Animal models for viral diseases; Engineering for viral resistance; Viruses and cancer; Virus vector interactions. There is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field.
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