Omega-3 fatty acids and cognitive function.

IF 3.8 3区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000862

Francine K Welty

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Purpose of review: The aim is to provide an update on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in preventing cognitive decline and dementia.

Recent findings: Prospective studies and three new meta-analyses suggest that fish or n-3 PUFA intake are associated with a reduction in development of mild cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in those with mild cognitive impairment showed benefit on cognitive decline, whereas there was no benefit in Alzheimer's disease. In cognitively healthy individuals with clinical coronary artery disease (CAD), 3.36 g EPA and DHA daily slowed cognitive ageing by 2.5 years. Of 15 RCTs in cognitively healthy individuals age more than 55 years, seven reported benefit, whereas eight did not. Potential mechanisms for differences in outcomes include dose, trial duration, apolipoproteinE genotype, sex, stage and rate of cognitive decline, cognitive testing employed and individual characteristics. The downstream product of DHA, neuroprotectin D1, may be involved in beneficial effects.

Summary: Patients with early memory complaints or a family history of dementia and those with CAD should be counselled on the potential benefits of fish intake and supplementation with n-3 PUFA. ApolipoproteinE4 carriers may especially benefit from DHA supplementation prior to development of cognitive decline.

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Omega-3脂肪酸和认知功能

综述的目的:目的是提供omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)在预防认知能力下降和痴呆方面的最新进展。最新发现:前瞻性研究和三项新的荟萃分析表明，摄入鱼或n-3 PUFA与减少轻度认知能力下降和阿尔茨海默病的发展有关。在随机对照试验(RCTs)中，在轻度认知障碍患者中补充二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)显示对认知能力下降有好处，而对阿尔茨海默病没有好处。在患有临床冠状动脉疾病(CAD)的认知健康个体中，每天3.36 g EPA和DHA可使认知衰老延缓2.5年。在15项针对55岁以上认知健康个体的随机对照试验中，有7项报告获益，而8项没有。结果差异的潜在机制包括剂量、试验时间、载脂蛋白基因型、性别、认知衰退的阶段和速度、所采用的认知测试和个体特征。DHA的下游产物，神经保护素D1，可能参与了有益的作用。总结:有早期记忆障碍或痴呆家族史的患者和CAD患者应被告知摄入鱼类和补充n-3 PUFA的潜在益处。载脂蛋白4携带者在认知能力下降之前补充DHA可能特别有益。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current opinion in lipidology 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

4.50%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： With its easy-to-digest reviews on important advances in world literature, Current Opinion in Lipidology offers expert evaluation on a wide range of topics from six key disciplines including nutrition and metabolism, genetics and molecular biology, and hyperlipidaemia and cardiovascular disease. Published bimonthly, each issue covers in detail the most pertinent advances in these fields from the previous year. This is supplemented by a section of Bimonthly Updates, which deliver an insight into new developments at the cutting edge of the disciplines covered in the journal.