Effects of harvest period and mixed ratio on the characteristic and quality of mixed silage of alfalfa and maize

IF 2.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Xia Liu , Dong Li , Qian Ge , Bin Yang , Shenghang Li
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In order to improve the silage quality and rationally develop and utilize feed resources, the experiment will explore the effects of harvest periods and the ratios on silage characteristics and quality of silage maize (Zea mays L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Results showed that dry matter (DM) content, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) of whole silage maize increased significantly (P < 0.05), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of in 3/4 milk line stage was significantly lower than that in other harvesting stages (P < 0.05), and the CP content of 1/4 milk line stage and relative feed value (RFV) of late milk stage were the maximum, respectively; With the delay of the mowing period, the content of DM, NDF and ADF in the third crop of alfalfa increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the CP content decreased significantly (P < 0.05), the harvest period with the highest RFV was at the early flowering period. To sum up, silage corn can be harvested at the end of milk maturity to early wax maturity, and the third crop of alfalfa can be harvested at the early flowering stage, so that silage materials with high nutritional value can be obtained. The corn silage harvested in late september the best harvest period was mixed with alfalfa at the ratio of 10:0, 8:2, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 2:8, 0:10, and the mixed silage was fermented for 60 days, then proceeded determination of silage quality, and the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze 10 nutritional quality indicators of 7 different mixed ratios. The results showed that compared with alfalfa silage alone, in the mixed silage of alfalfa and corn silage, with the increase of the proportion of corn silage, the fermentation quality of silage was gradually improved. Sensory evaluation scores and RFV values were higher, WSC and lactic acid (LA) contents were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and pH and ammonia nitrogen (AN) content were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The in vitro gas productions ( IVGP, at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h) were measured, the results showed that IVGP increased with the increase of silage corn mixed ratio. In summary, the effects of the harvest period of silage corn and alfalfa and different mixing ratios of silage on the quality of silage provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality of silage and rationally developing and utilizing feed resources, so as to be better applied to actual production.

收获期和配比对苜蓿与玉米混合青贮特性和品质的影响
为提高青贮品质,合理开发利用饲料资源,本试验将探讨不同收收期和比例对青贮玉米(Zea mays L.)和苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)青贮特性和品质的影响。结果表明:全株青贮玉米干物质(DM)含量、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著提高(P <3/4乳系期水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量显著低于其他收获期(P <1/4乳线期CP含量和乳后期相对饲料值(RFV)分别最高;随着刈割期的推迟,第三季紫花苜蓿中DM、NDF和ADF含量显著增加(P <0.05),粗蛋白质含量显著降低(P <0.05), RFV最高的收获期为开花期前期。综上所述,青贮玉米可在乳熟末至蜡熟前期收获,苜蓿第三季可在花期前期收获,可获得营养价值较高的青贮料。将最佳采收期9月下旬收获的玉米青贮与苜蓿按10:0、8:2、6:4、5:5、4:6、2:8、0:10的比例混合,发酵60 d后进行青贮品质测定,并采用主成分分析(PCA)对7种不同混合比例的10项营养品质指标进行分析。结果表明,与单独使用苜蓿青贮相比,在苜蓿与玉米青贮混合青贮中,随着玉米青贮比例的增加,青贮发酵品质逐渐提高。感官评价分数和RFV值升高,WSC和乳酸含量显著升高(P <0.05), pH和氨氮(AN)含量显著降低(P <0.05)。测定了0、2、4、6、8、12、24、36、48和72 h的体外产气量(IVGP),结果表明,IVGP随青贮玉米混合比例的增加而增加。综上所述,青贮玉米和苜蓿的采收期以及不同青贮配比对青贮品质的影响,为提高青贮品质、合理开发利用饲料资源提供了理论依据,从而更好地应用于实际生产。
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来源期刊
Animal Feed Science and Technology
Animal Feed Science and Technology 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
266
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Animal Feed Science and Technology is a unique journal publishing scientific papers of international interest focusing on animal feeds and their feeding. Papers describing research on feed for ruminants and non-ruminants, including poultry, horses, companion animals and aquatic animals, are welcome. The journal covers the following areas: Nutritive value of feeds (e.g., assessment, improvement) Methods of conserving and processing feeds that affect their nutritional value Agronomic and climatic factors influencing the nutritive value of feeds Utilization of feeds and the improvement of such Metabolic, production, reproduction and health responses, as well as potential environmental impacts, of diet inputs and feed technologies (e.g., feeds, feed additives, feed components, mycotoxins) Mathematical models relating directly to animal-feed interactions Analytical and experimental methods for feed evaluation Environmental impacts of feed technologies in animal production.
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