Blood Biomarkers of Neuronal/Axonal and Glial Injury in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-06 DOI:10.1159/000527659

Natalia P Rocha, Antonio L Teixeira, Gabriela D Colpo, Michelle A Babicz, Jennifer L Thompson, Steven Paul Woods

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Abstract

Introduction: Approximately half of the people living with HIV (PLWH) experience HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs). However, the neuropathogenesis of HAND is complex, and identifying reliable biomarkers has been challenging.

Methods: This study included 132 participants aged 50 and older from greater San Diego County. The participants were divided into three groups: PLWH with HAND (n = 29), PLWH without HAND (n = 73), and seronegatives without cognitive impairment (n = 30). Peripheral blood was collected at the clinical assessment, and plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated Tau 181 (pTau181), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: Plasma levels of NfL (but not pTau181 and GFAP) were significantly associated with HAND at a medium effect size (p = 0.039, Cohen's d = 0.45 for HAND + vs. HAND-). Notably, higher levels of NfL were significantly associated with HAND diagnosis even after adjusting for sex.

Discussion: Our data suggest that neuronal degeneration (as evidenced by increased levels of NfL), but not tau pathology or glial degeneration, is related to cognitive status in PLWH. Our results corroborate the view that blood NfL is a promising biomarker of cognitive impairment in PLWH.

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人类免疫缺陷病毒相关神经认知障碍中神经元/轴突和神经胶质损伤的血液生物标志物

导言：大约一半的艾滋病病毒感染者（PLWH）会出现艾滋病相关神经认知障碍（HANDs）。然而，HAND 的神经发病机制十分复杂，确定可靠的生物标志物一直是一项挑战：这项研究包括来自大圣迭戈县的 132 名 50 岁及以上的参与者。参与者分为三组：患有手足口病的 PLWH（29 人）、无手足口病的 PLWH（73 人）和无认知障碍的血清阴性者（30 人）。临床评估时采集外周血，并通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血浆中神经丝蛋白轻链（NfL）、磷酸化 Tau 181（pTau181）和神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的水平：结果：血浆中NfL（而非pTau181和GFAP）水平与HAND有显著相关性，影响程度为中等（P = 0.039，HAND + vs. HAND-的Cohen's d = 0.45）。值得注意的是，即使在调整了性别因素后，较高水平的NfL仍与HAND诊断显著相关：我们的数据表明，神经元变性（NfL水平升高证明了这一点）与PLWH的认知状况有关，但与tau病理学或神经胶质变性无关。我们的研究结果证实，血液中的NfL有望成为检测PLWH认知障碍的生物标志物。

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来源期刊

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： As a unique forum devoted exclusively to the study of cognitive dysfunction, ''Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders'' concentrates on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s chorea and other neurodegenerative diseases. The journal draws from diverse related research disciplines such as psychogeriatrics, neuropsychology, clinical neurology, morphology, physiology, genetic molecular biology, pathology, biochemistry, immunology, pharmacology and pharmaceutics. Strong emphasis is placed on the publication of research findings from animal studies which are complemented by clinical and therapeutic experience to give an overall appreciation of the field.