Bone Tissue Responsiveness To Mechanical Loading-Possible Long-Term Implications of Swimming on Bone Health and Bone Development.

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Current Osteoporosis Reports Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1007/s11914-022-00758-3

Andréa Bezerra, Laura Freitas, Leonardo Maciel, Hélder Fonseca

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Abstract

Purpose of review: To revisit the bone tissue mechanotransduction mechanisms behind the bone tissue response to mechanical loading and, within this context, explore the possible negative influence of regular swimming practice on bone health, particularly during the growth and development period.

Recent findings: Bone is a dynamic tissue, responsive to mechanical loading and unloading, being these adaptative responses more intense during the growth and development period. Cross-sectional studies usually report a lower bone mass in swimmers compared to athletes engaged in weigh-bearing sports. However, studies with animal models show contradictory findings about the effect of swimming on bone health, highlighting the need for longitudinal studies. Due to its microgravity characteristics, swimming seems to impair bone mass, but mostly at the lower limbs. It is unkown if there is a causal relationship between swimming and low BMD or if other confounding factors, such as a natural selection whithin the sport, are the cause.

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骨组织对机械负荷的反应——游泳对骨骼健康和骨骼发育可能的长期影响。

综述目的:回顾骨组织对机械负荷反应背后的骨组织机械转导机制，并在此背景下探讨定期游泳练习对骨骼健康的可能负面影响，特别是在生长发育期间。最近的研究发现:骨是一种动态组织，对机械载荷和卸载有反应，在生长发育期间这些适应性反应更加强烈。横断面研究通常报告游泳运动员的骨量低于从事负重运动的运动员。然而，动物模型研究显示游泳对骨骼健康影响的矛盾结果，强调了纵向研究的必要性。由于其微重力特性，游泳似乎会损害骨量，但主要是在下肢。目前尚不清楚游泳和低骨密度之间是否存在因果关系，或者是否有其他混杂因素，如运动中的自然选择，是原因。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Osteoporosis Reports Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

CiteScore

8.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of osteoporosis. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as current and future therapeutics, epidemiology and pathophysiology, and evaluation and management. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.