[Progressive myoclonic epilepsy in the department of neurology of the University Teaching hospital Point "G"].

Abstract

Background: Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy (PME) is a heterogeneous group of pathologies associating epileptic seizures and other neurological and non-neurological disorders.

Objectives: We aim to characterize patients with symptoms of PME and identify the underlying genetic disorder.

Methods: After informed consent, the patients seen in the protocol for hereditary neurological diseases and presenting signs of epilepsy without a secondary cause were clinically evaluated over a three-year period in the Department of Neurology of the CHU Point "G". EEG, brain imaging and laboratory tests were performed to consolidate our diagnosis. DNA was extracted for genetic analysis.

Results: 141 families including five families with PME totaling eight cases were enrolled. The predominant symptoms in our patients were myoclonus in 87.5% (N = 8), followed by GTCS and cognitive impairment in 50%, each. A notion of parental consanguinity was found in 60% and autosomal recessive transmission evoked in 80% (N = 5). The EEG was pathological in 62.5% and imaging showed ponto-cerebellar atrophy in 25% (N = 8). The combination of sodium valproate and clonazepam was the main treatment. One case of death was recorded.

Conclusion: We report cases of PME in Mali with a possibility of discovering new genes.