Lactational and metabolic effects in cows of lysine and methionine added to a ration deficient according to the I.N.R.A. method

T. Kröber, M. Kreuzer, M. Senn, Wolfgang Langhans, F. Sutter
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引用次数: 15

Abstract

The effects of adding lysine and/or methionine to a ration of calculated deficiency in these amino acids of 10% and 20%, respectively, were studied in 24 Brown Swiss cows. The mixed rations (27% grass silage, 19% maize silage, 5% hay and 49% concentrate on DM basis) contained 14.5% CP on average. Lysine supply was selectively elevated by adding fish meal in exchange for other concentrate ingredients. Methionine was supplied in a rumen‐protected form. Milk protein content was elevated whereas fat amount decreased by adding both amino acids. Lactose content increased without additional lysine from fish meal. Live weight, milk yield, milk fat content and protein amount remained unaffected by any variation of amino acids supply. Also nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance were not changed by the treatments. Blood plasma concentrations confirmed the assumed variation in metabolic lysine and, less clear, methionine supply. Effects on plasma concentrations of other amino acids were relatively small. Most plasma hormones and enzymes, and metabolites in plasma, urine and milk did not respond to the variation in amino acid supply. Lysine addition via fish meal increased aspartate amino transferase and decreased urinary allantoin concentration. Additional methionine elevated plasma ornithine. Overall lysine and methionine appear to have been only marginally deficient in the unsupplemented ration fed for 3 weeks despite the deficiency of 10% to 20% as calculated by the I.N.R.A. method.
按I.N.R.A.法添加赖氨酸和蛋氨酸对日粮缺乏奶牛泌乳和代谢的影响
在24头瑞士棕色奶牛中,研究了在赖氨酸和/或蛋氨酸计算缺乏率分别为10%和20%的情况下,添加赖氨酸和/或蛋氨酸的效果。混合饲粮(27%草青贮、19%玉米青贮、5%干草和49%精料)平均含CP 14.5%。通过添加鱼粉替代其他浓缩原料,选择性地提高了赖氨酸的供应。蛋氨酸以保护瘤胃的形式提供。添加这两种氨基酸可提高乳蛋白含量,降低乳脂肪含量。在不添加鱼粉赖氨酸的情况下,乳糖含量增加。活重、产奶量、乳脂含量和蛋白质含量不受氨基酸供应变化的影响。不同处理对营养物质消化率和氮平衡没有影响。血浆浓度证实了代谢赖氨酸和蛋氨酸供应(不太清楚)的假设变化。其他氨基酸对血浆浓度的影响相对较小。大多数血浆激素和酶以及血浆、尿液和乳汁中的代谢物对氨基酸供应的变化没有反应。通过鱼粉添加赖氨酸增加了天冬氨酸氨基转移酶,降低了尿囊素浓度。额外的蛋氨酸使血浆鸟氨酸升高。在未添加赖氨酸和蛋氨酸的3周日粮中,总体上赖氨酸和蛋氨酸似乎只有轻微的不足,尽管根据I.N.R.A.方法计算,缺乏率为10%至20%。
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