Cleaning the canals of reclaim systems with the help machines with various types of interchangeable working equipment

Abstract

Relevance. The article describes zones with one or another predominant type of melioration depending on the territorial location of the reclaimed lands, a brief classification of channels is given according to design features, cross-sectional shape, throughput capacity and technical and operational characteristics. Channels are the main elements of reclamation systems. Ensuring high-quality operation of channels with the required bandwidth guarantees the efficient operation of the entire reclamation system. Characteristic canal deformations that occur during operation are given, as well as factors affecting the throughput of canals, such as the appearance of sediment, silting and grass vegetation, the growth of shrubs and small trees. The article presents sewer cleaning machines used on canals of reclamation systems during cleaning and restoration work, describes their design features for cleaning canals of various types and cross sections. Canal cleaners are described, which, according to the mode of operation, are both intermittent and continuous machines, which most effectively and efficiently clean the bottom and slopes of channels of various reclamation systems. The article also provides an explanation of the increase in the efficiency of canal cleaning and the subsequent high-quality work of the reclamation system in the case of using various complexes of sewer cleaning machines, including a variety of machines with different working bodies, sizes and quantities. The choice of the number of machines is directly related to technical and economic indicators: the use of a large number of machines may not be economically feasible, and the use of a minimum number of machines will not provide the re-quired cleaning. Thus, it is important to choose the optimal number of machines of various sizes that form a separate complex.