Severe Infection of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in Bandicota bengalensis Inhabiting Commensal Areas of Punjab, India: Prevalence, Risk Factor Analysis, Molecular Identification and Phylogenesis

IF 1.2 3区农林科学 Q4 PARASITOLOGY

Acta Parasitologica Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI:10.1007/s11686-022-00652-z

Shivani Rara, Neena Singla, Sukhmanpreet Kaur Brar, Dimple Mandla, Lachhman Das Singla

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Abstract

Purpose

The present study aimed to record the prevalence, risk factors, molecular identification, and phylogeny of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis found in the small intestine of the lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis, a wild rodent species.

Methods

A total of 100 bandicoot rats live trapped at two commensal urban locations (50 each), i.e., a fish market and railway station, in Ludhiana, Punjab State (India), from November 2020 to October 2021, were analysed for the presence of N. brasiliensis, a nematode parasite of zoonotic importance.

Result

Overall, the small intestine of 43.00% of the rats was found severely infected with bright red coloured adult N. brasiliensis of both sexes (total of 1439 specimens). Faecal samples contained ellipsoidal and thin-shelled eggs measuring 62.25–74.70 m in length and 33.20–37.35 m in breadth. No significant (P > 0.05) effect of host age, sex, or season was observed on the rate of infection. The parasite intensity and mean abundance ranged from 27.68–38.04 and 10.52–18.26, respectively, indicating a high risk of disease transmission. Based on the morphology, the nematode parasite was identified as Nippostrongylus sp. Molecular identification was confirmed through PCR amplification of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene, which showed a single band of approximately 355 bp. A comparison of the present isolate with the available sequences of Nippostrongylus species across the globe showed 100% nucleotide homology with N. brasiliensis sequences available in GenBank from Japan (AP017690), the USA (U57035), and New Zealand (NC033886).

Conclusion

The study indicates that B. bengalensis inhabiting commensal urban areas is a reservoir host for N. brasiliensis, which if transmitted to humans and animals visiting the area may pose a potential health risk. The study thus suggests proper rodent population management close to human habitations to avoid the transmission of disease-causing agents.

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印度旁遮普邦班迪科塔孟加拉人聚居区巴西乳头状肌严重感染的流行率、危险因素分析、分子鉴定和系统发育

目的本研究旨在记录在孟加拉斑尾鼠（Bandicota bengalensis）的小肠中发现的巴西小绒螯蟹的患病率、危险因素、分子鉴定和系统发育。方法从2020年11月到2021年10月，共有100只斑尾鼠被困在印度旁遮普邦卢迪亚纳的两个共生城市地点（各50只），即一个鱼市和火车站，对其是否存在具有人畜共患重要性的线虫N.brasiliensis进行了分析。结果43.00%的大鼠的小肠被两种性别的鲜红色成年巴西猪笼草严重感染（共1439份标本）。粪便样本含有椭圆形和薄壳鸡蛋，长62.25–74.70米，宽33.20–37.35米。无显著性（P >； 0.05）宿主年龄、性别或季节对感染率的影响。寄生虫的强度和平均丰度分别为27.68–38.04和10.52–18.26，表明疾病传播的风险很高。根据形态学，该线虫寄生虫被鉴定为Nippostrongylus sp.。通过线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I基因的PCR扩增，分子鉴定得到证实，该基因显示出约355bp的单条带。将该分离物与世界各地的Nipostrongylus物种的现有序列进行比较，结果表明，该分离物的核苷酸同源性与日本GenBank（AP017690）、美国U57035和新西兰NC033886中的brasiliensis序列具有100%的同源性，如果传播给到访该地区的人类和动物，可能会造成潜在的健康风险。因此，该研究建议在人类居住区附近进行适当的啮齿动物种群管理，以避免病原体的传播。

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来源期刊

Acta Parasitologica 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

6.70%

发文量

149

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta Parasitologica is an international journal covering the latest advances in the subject. Acta Parasitologica publishes original papers on all aspects of parasitology and host-parasite relationships, including the latest discoveries in biochemical and molecular biology of parasites, their physiology, morphology, taxonomy and ecology, as well as original research papers on immunology, pathology, and epidemiology of parasitic diseases in the context of medical, veterinary and biological sciences. The journal also publishes short research notes, invited review articles, book reviews. The journal was founded in 1953 as "Acta Parasitologica Polonica" by the Polish Parasitological Society and since 1954 has been published by W. Stefanski Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Since 1992 in has appeared as Acta Parasitologica in four issues per year.