Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Role of Felids as Intermediate Hosts in the Life Cycle of Neospora caninum Based on Serological Data

IF 1.2 3区农林科学 Q4 PARASITOLOGY

Acta Parasitologica Pub Date : 2023-01-30 DOI:10.1007/s11686-023-00661-6

Naser Nazari, Mohammad Taghi Khodayari, Yazdan Hamzavi, Saber Raeghi, Seyed Ahmad Karamati, Shahab Falahi, Arezoo Bozorgomid, Mohammad Taha Sajedi

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Purpose

Neosporosis is an important widespread parasitic infection caused by N. caninum. It infects a wide range of warm-blooded animals as intermediate hosts and dogs as the definitive host. Nevertheless, there are a number of questions regarding the life cycle and epidemiological aspects of N. caninum. Also, the role of felids (domestic and non-domestic) in the life cycle of N. caninum has been little described. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the global prevalence of N. caninum in domestic and wild felids.

Methods

PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for articles published on the prevalence of N. caninum in felids until Aprill 2, 2022 and the reference lists of retrieved articles were screened. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using Cochran’s Q and the I² statistic.

Results

After exclusion of irrelevant articles and duplication removal, 30 studies were eligible for quantitative analysis including 20 studies on domestic cats and 10 studies on wild felids. The overall prevalence of neosporosis infection in cats was 15% (95% CI 10–21%) that was significantly higher in wild felids (26%, 95% CI 13–38%) than in domestic cats (11%, 95% CI 6–16%) (P = 0.03). There was no significant difference in pooled prevalence between male and female domestic cats (P = 0.75). Regarding continent, the lowest prevalence of neosporosis infection was in Asia (9%, 95% CI 1–20%) and the highest was in North America (43.6%, 95% CI 33.9–53.2%) and Africa (18%, 95% CI 9–46%). Higher prevalence was obtained when using the NAT with 22% (95% CI 7–37%), compared to the IFAT (17%, 95% CI 9–24%) and ELISA (6%, 95% CI 2–9%) (P = 0.01).

Conclusion

The findings highlighted the importance of felids as potential intermediate hosts of neosporosis despite the fact that the source of the parasite for these animals was unknown. Further studies should be performed to investigate the role of this top predator (felids) in maintaining both domestic and sylvatic cycles of Neospora caninum.

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基于血清学数据的猫作为中间宿主在犬新孢子虫生命周期中作用的系统评价和荟萃分析

目的新孢子虫病是由犬齿猪笼草引起的一种重要的广泛寄生感染。它作为中间宿主感染了广泛的温血动物，作为最终宿主感染了狗。尽管如此，关于犬齿猪笼草的生命周期和流行病学方面仍存在许多问题。此外，猫科动物（家养和非家养）在犬类N.caninum生命周期中的作用也很少被描述。因此，本研究旨在评估犬科线虫在国内和野生猫科动物中的全球流行率。方法检索PubMed、Scopus、Google Scholar、Web of Science和ScienceDirect数据库中截至2022年4月2日发表的关于犬科线虫在猫科动物中流行的文章，并筛选检索到的文章的参考文献列表。随机效应荟萃分析模型用于估计合并患病率和95%置信区间。使用Cochran Q和I2统计量评估研究之间的异质性。结果排除无关文章并删除重复后，30项研究符合定量分析条件，其中20项针对家猫，10项针对野生猫科动物。猫新孢子虫感染的总患病率为15%（95%CI 10-21%），野生猫（26%，95%CI 13-38%）显著高于家猫（11%，95%CI 6-16%）（P = 0.03）。雄性和雌性家猫的合并患病率没有显著差异（P = 0.75）。就大陆而言，新孢子虫感染率最低的是亚洲（9%，95%CI 1-20%），最高的是北美（43.6%，95%CI 33.9-53.2%）和非洲（18%，95%CI 9-46%）。与IFAT（17%，95%CI 9-24%）和ELISA（6%，95%CI 2-9%）相比，NAT的患病率为22%（95%CI 7-37%）（P = 0.01）。结论这些发现强调了猫科动物作为新孢子虫病潜在中间宿主的重要性，尽管这些动物的寄生虫来源尚不清楚。应该进行进一步的研究，以调查这种顶级捕食者（猫科动物）在维持犬新孢子虫的家庭和森林周期中的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Parasitologica 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

6.70%

发文量

149

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta Parasitologica is an international journal covering the latest advances in the subject. Acta Parasitologica publishes original papers on all aspects of parasitology and host-parasite relationships, including the latest discoveries in biochemical and molecular biology of parasites, their physiology, morphology, taxonomy and ecology, as well as original research papers on immunology, pathology, and epidemiology of parasitic diseases in the context of medical, veterinary and biological sciences. The journal also publishes short research notes, invited review articles, book reviews. The journal was founded in 1953 as "Acta Parasitologica Polonica" by the Polish Parasitological Society and since 1954 has been published by W. Stefanski Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Since 1992 in has appeared as Acta Parasitologica in four issues per year.