Linear relationships between grain yield and tassel traits in maize

D. L. Silveira, A. C. Filho, C. A. Wartha, Fernanda Carini, C. T. Bandeira, R. Pezzini, F. M. Somavilla
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Abstract

This study aimed to verify the linear relationships between maize grain yield and tassel traits, identify traits for selection through direct and indirect effects over three crop years. Three experiments were performed with 20 maize genotypes in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Individual variance analysis showed significant genotype effects for all traits in the three crop years. However, a joint analysis demonstrated a significant genotype effect at 5% error probability for all traits, but branching space length. Furthermore, only the number of secondary branches and tassel branch number did not show significant genotype × crop year interaction. These results revealed a genotype differentiated behavior over the evaluated years, emphasizing the need to evaluate genotypes in more than one crop year. Based on phenotypic and genotypic correlation matrices and path analyses, the number of secondary tassel branches showed a positive linear relationship with grain yield; therefore, it can be used for the indirect selection of maize plants in breeding programs
玉米穗部性状与产量的线性关系
本研究旨在验证玉米籽粒产量与穗状性状之间的线性关系,并通过3个作物年的直接和间接效应来确定可供选择的性状。采用3个重复的随机完全区组设计,对20个玉米基因型进行了3个试验。个体方差分析表明,3个作物年内所有性状的基因型效应均显著。然而,联合分析表明,除分枝空间长度外,所有性状的基因型效应在5%的误差概率下都很显著。此外,只有次级枝数和雄穗枝数不表现出显著的基因型与作物年互作。这些结果揭示了在评估年份中基因型差异的行为,强调需要在多个作物年度中评估基因型。表型和基因型相关矩阵及通径分析表明,次生雄穗分枝数与籽粒产量呈线性正相关;因此,它可以用于玉米育种计划中的间接选择
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