Microcapillary cell extrusion deposition with picolitre dispensing resolution.

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Saeed Fathi, Iek Man Lei, Yang Cao, Yan Yan Shery Huang
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Abstract

Extrusion-based cell deposition has become a prominent technique for expanding bioprinting applications. However, the associated print resolution in the order of nanolitre or above has been a limiting factor. The demand for improving print resolution towards the scale of a single cell has driven the development of precision nozzle extrusion, although the benefits gained remain ambiguous. Here, aided by in situ imaging, we investigated the dynamics of cell organisation through an extrusion-based microcapillary tip with picolitre precision through in-air or immersion deposition. The microcapillary extrusion setup, termed 'Picodis', was demonstrated by generating droplets of colouring inks immersed in an immiscible medium. Next, using 3T3 fibroblast cells as an experimental model, we demonstrated the deposition of cell suspension, and pre-aggregated cell pellets. Then, the dynamic organisation of cells within the microcapillary tip was described, along with cell ejection and deposition upon exiting the tip opening. The vision-assisted approach revealed that when dispersed in a culture medium, the movements of cells were distinctive based on the flow profiles and were purely driven by laminar fluid flow within a narrow tip. The primary process limitations were cell sedimentation, aggregation and compaction, along with trapped air bubbles. The use of picolitre-level resolution microcapillary extrusion, although it provides some level of control for a small number of cells, does not necessarily offer a reliable method when a specified number of cells are required. Our study provides insights into the process limitations of high-resolution cell ink extrusion, which may be useful for optimising biofabrication processes of cell-laden constructs for biomedical research.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42242-022-00205-3.

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微毛细管挤压沉积与皮升点胶分辨率。
基于挤压的细胞沉积已经成为扩展生物打印应用的重要技术。然而,相关的打印分辨率在纳升或更高的顺序一直是一个限制因素。对提高打印分辨率的需求向单个细胞的规模推动了精密喷嘴挤出的发展,尽管所获得的好处仍然不明确。在原位成像的帮助下,我们通过一种基于挤压的微细管尖端,通过空气或浸泡沉积,以皮升的精度研究了细胞组织的动力学。被称为“Picodis”的微毛细管挤出装置,通过在不混溶介质中产生染色油墨液滴来演示。接下来,使用3T3成纤维细胞作为实验模型,我们展示了细胞悬浮液的沉积和预聚集的细胞颗粒。然后,描述了微毛细血管尖端内细胞的动态组织,以及细胞在离开尖端开口时的喷射和沉积。视觉辅助方法显示,当分散在培养基中时,细胞的运动根据流动曲线而不同,并且完全由窄尖端内的层流流体驱动。主要的工艺限制是细胞沉降、聚集和压实,以及被困的气泡。使用皮升级分辨率微毛细管挤出,虽然它提供了对少量细胞的一定程度的控制,但当需要特定数量的细胞时,不一定提供可靠的方法。我们的研究提供了对高分辨率细胞墨水挤压工艺限制的见解,这可能有助于优化生物医学研究中细胞负载结构的生物制造工艺。补充信息:在线版本包含补充资料,提供地址为10.1007/s42242-022-00205-3。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Bio-Design and Manufacturing
Bio-Design and Manufacturing Materials Science-Materials Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
7.60%
发文量
148
期刊介绍: Bio-Design and Manufacturing reports new research, new technology and new applications in the field of biomanufacturing, especially 3D bioprinting. Topics of Bio-Design and Manufacturing cover tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, mechanical devices from the perspectives of materials, biology, medicine and mechanical engineering, with a focus on manufacturing science and technology to fulfil the requirement of bio-design.
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