Cambio estructural y migración. El caso de México

Leonardo Lomelí Vanegas, M. Laura Vázquez Maggio
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

With the onset of the 1982 debt crisis, the Mexican economy left behind a period of significant and sustained growth that in the mid-1980s gave way to structural changes. These changes were based on redefining Mexico's foreign economic relations, which were to be characterized by greater trade and financial openness, greater acceptance of foreign investment, and a restructuring of the economic role of the state, leading to the prevalence of policies favoring privatization and deregulation. Over the thirty plus years since this process began, Mexico experienced slow economic growth that fell short of expectations created by the structural changes, and which is at odds with the needs of the country's current demographic changes, given that the working-age population is now greater than at any time in history. Weak economic growth has prevented most people seeking employment in the formal sector from being hired, leading a significant segment of the population to turn to informal activities or to emigrate from the country. This paper seeks to analyze migratory tendencies in the wider context of structural change.

结构变化和迁移。墨西哥的情况
随着1982年债务危机的爆发,墨西哥经济留下了一段显著和持续的增长期,但在1980年代中期,这段增长期被结构性改革所取代。这些变化是基于重新定义墨西哥的对外经济关系,其特点是更大的贸易和金融开放,更多地接受外国投资,以及国家经济角色的重组,导致有利于私有化和放松管制的政策盛行。在这一进程开始以来的三十多年里,墨西哥经历了缓慢的经济增长,没有达到结构变化所带来的预期,也不符合该国当前人口变化的需要,因为目前的劳动年龄人口比历史上任何时候都要多。疲软的经济增长使大多数在正规部门寻求就业的人无法被雇用,导致很大一部分人口转向非正规活动或移居国外。本文试图在更广泛的结构变化背景下分析移民趋势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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