Clinical and Sociodemographic Variables and the Level of Social Support in People with Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive demyelinating disease of the central nervous system which leads to permanent disability. Social support is a resource that is particularly important in the situation of chronic illness. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between clinical and sociodemographic variables and the level of social support in people with multiple sclerosis. Material and Methods. 137 people diagnosed with MS participated in the study. Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Guy’s Neurological Disability Scale (GNDS) and Berlin Social Support Scales were used in the study. Results. Perceived social support is not related to clinical variables such as disability or disease symptoms. However, the relationship between the need for support and disability and some symptoms (i.a. cognitive impairment, mood disorders and intestinal problems) was demonstrated. Women, people married, having children and in better financial condition felt greater social support. Women also need more support and more often seek it. Conclusions. Perceived social support in people with multiple sclerosis is less associated with clinical variables, but more to variables such as gender, marital status or having children. Of the studied types of support, the need for support was most related to the features of the disease. People living with a disability or more severe symptoms need help in daily functioning as well as emotional support. This is also associated with the need for professional support from doctors, psychologists and nurses. (JNNN 2019;8(4):148–156) Key Words: Multiple sclerosis, social support, disability