Evaluation of Aerosol Filtration Efficiency of a Respiratory Face Mask Equipped with Valve/Micro-Ventilator against Pathogen and Pollutant Penetration

Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2017-11-30 DOI:10.4172/2161-105X.1000432

S. SteveZhou, Salimatu Lukula, Cory Chiossone, R. Nims, D. Suchmann, M. K. Ijaz

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Abstract

Background: Prevention of infection with airborne pathogens and exposure to airborne particulates and aerosols (environmental pollutants and allergens) can be facilitated through use of disposable face masks. The effectiveness of such masks for excluding pathogens and pollutants is a function of wearer compliance (and comfort) and the intrinsic ability of the masks to resist penetration by airborne contaminants. This study evaluated the relative contributions of mask, valve, and micro ventilator on aerosol filtration efficiency of a new respiratory face mask (Dettol PROTECT+Smart Mask Large size).Methods: Varying configurations of the test mask were challenged, using standardized methods, with environmental contaminants including influenza A and rhinovirus type 14, bacteriophage ΦΧ174, Staphylococcus aureus, and model pollutants. The statistical significance of results obtained for different challenge microbial agents and for different mask configurations was assessed.Results: The results demonstrate >99.7% efficiency of each test mask configuration for exclusion of influenza A virus, rhinovirus 14, and S. aureus and >99.3% efficiency for paraffin oil and sodium chloride (surrogates for PM2.5). Statistically significant differences in effectiveness of the different mask configurations were not identified. The efficiencies of the masks for excluding smaller-size (i.e., rhinovirus and bacteriophage ΦΧ174) vs. larger-size microbial agents (influenza virus, S. aureus) were not significantly different.Conclusions: The masks, with or without comfort-enhancing features, provide protection against both small- and large-size pathogens. Importantly, the mask appears to be highly efficient for filtration of pathogens, including influenza and rhinoviruses, as well as the fine particulates (

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配备阀门/微型呼吸机的呼吸面罩对病原体和污染物渗透的气溶胶过滤效率评价

背景:通过使用一次性口罩，可以预防空气传播的病原体感染和接触空气传播的微粒和气溶胶(环境污染物和过敏原)。这种口罩在排除病原体和污染物方面的有效性取决于佩戴者的依从性(和舒适性)以及口罩抵抗空气中污染物渗透的内在能力。本研究评估了口罩、阀门和微型呼吸机对新型呼吸面罩(Dettol PROTECT+大尺寸智能口罩)气溶胶过滤效率的相对贡献。方法:使用标准化方法对不同配置的测试口罩进行挑战，环境污染物包括甲型流感和鼻病毒14型、噬菌体ΦΧ174、金黄色葡萄球菌和模型污染物。评估了不同挑战微生物剂和不同口罩配置的结果的统计学意义。结果:每种测试口罩配置对甲型流感病毒、鼻病毒14和金黄色葡萄球菌的阻隔效率>99.7%，对石蜡油和氯化钠(PM2.5的替代品)的阻隔效率>99.3%。不同口罩配置的有效性没有统计学上的显著差异。口罩在排除较小尺寸(即鼻病毒和噬菌体ΦΧ174)与较大尺寸的微生物病原体(流感病毒、金黄色葡萄球菌)方面的效率没有显著差异。结论:具有或不具有舒适增强功能的口罩对小型和大型病原体均有保护作用。重要的是，这种口罩似乎可以高效过滤病原体，包括流感病毒和鼻病毒，以及气溶胶中存在的细颗粒物(

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Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine

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