Cloning and expansion of antigen-specific T cells using iPS cell technology: Possible use of regenerated T cells in personalized medicine

Hiroshi Kawamoto , Kyoko Masuda , Seiji Nagano
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Recent advances in adoptive immunotherapy using cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) have demonstrated that CTLs are effective in killing tumor cells in vivo for some tumor types. However, a critical issue that CTLs collected from patients are easily exhausted during expansion culture is yet to be addressed. Therefore, we have been developing a strategy that utilizes induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, based on the idea that iPSCs produced from antigen-specific CTLs would regenerate CTLs with the same antigen specificity as the original CTLs. We previously succeeded in regenerating melanoma antigen MART1-specific CTLs, and more recently in producing potent CTLs expressing the CD8αβ heterodimer. We are now developing a novel method by which non-T derived iPSCs are transduced with exogenous T cell receptor (TCR) genes. If this method is applied to the allogeneic transfusion setting wherein HLA haplotype-homozygous iPSC stocks are used as the cell source, it will be possible to prepare “off-the-shelf” T cells. We are also considering incorporation of a personalized medicine approach to this allogeneic setting. In such a scheme, genes encoding TCRs specific for neoantigens will be collected from patients and HLA-homo iPSCs will be transduced with these TCR genes. Using such iPSCs, it will be possible to produce allogeneic CTLs expressing autologous TCRs originating from patients.

利用iPS细胞技术克隆和扩增抗原特异性T细胞:再生T细胞在个性化医疗中的可能应用
使用细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(ctl)的过继免疫治疗的最新进展表明,ctl在体内对某些肿瘤类型的肿瘤细胞具有有效的杀伤作用。然而,从患者身上收集的ctl在扩增培养过程中容易耗尽这一关键问题尚未得到解决。因此,我们一直在开发一种利用诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)技术的策略,基于从抗原特异性ctl产生的iPSC可以再生具有与原始ctl相同抗原特异性的ctl。我们之前成功地再生了黑色素瘤抗原mart1特异性的ctl,最近又生产了表达CD8αβ异源二聚体的强效ctl。我们现在正在开发一种新的方法,通过这种方法,非T来源的iPSCs被外源性T细胞受体(TCR)基因转导。如果该方法应用于同种异体输血环境,其中HLA单倍型纯合子iPSC库存被用作细胞来源,将有可能制备“现成的”T细胞。我们也在考虑结合个体化医疗方法来治疗这种异体环境。在这种方案中,将从患者身上收集编码新抗原特异性TCR的基因,并用这些TCR基因转导HLA-homo iPSCs。使用这种iPSCs,将有可能产生表达来自患者的自体tcr的同种异体ctl。
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