Eosinophil activation markers in blood and urine in preterms developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Abstract

Purpose: Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) is not the only a marker for eosinophil activation, but also acts as an alarm protein. Very few studies have examined the potential role of eosinophils in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This study aims to address the roles of eosinophil and EDN in the early phase of BPD development. Methods: Patients were preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) born at 36 weeks of gestation or less. Blood and urine samples were collected to measure total eosinophil count in the blood, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), serum EDN, and urinary EDN during the first week of life. Results: Fifty-two preterms were recruited, of whom 43 infants were analyzed. Comparisons were made between the RDS (n=16) and non-RDS groups (n=27) and between the BPD (n=6) and non-BPD groups (n=26). There were no differences between RDS and non-RDS group in total eosinophil count, serum ECP, serum EDN, or urinary EDN, except when compared by gestational age, birth weight and prenatal dexamethasone use. Urinary EDN was increased significantly in the BPD group compared to the non-BPD group. Conclusion: We demonstrated the roles of eosinophil and EDN in the development of BPD and suggest that urinary EDN may be utilized as a noninvasive factor predicting the development of BPD. ( Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2022;10:40-44 )