Wireless Sensor Networks Fundamentals: A Review

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks, basically applied to gather information about the environments, consist of various elements interconnection. They are mainly deployed in the areas hard to reach, so they are routinely powered by the batteries. Due to the complexity of WSNs and the impact they have on the 21st century proceeding technology, they have received lots of attention during past decades, hence it is mandatory to study their fundamentals before any forthcoming research. This paper reviews the alphabets of WSNs in a straight scenario, categorizing them in terms of application, routing and connectivity schemes, besides, practical design challenges and energy supply ways have been classified.