Fertility Preferences and Outcomes in Morocco: Does Women's Empowerment Matter in Actual-ideal Gap?

IF 0.4 Q4 DEMOGRAPHY
Chaimae Drioui, F. Bakass
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Abstract

Abstract:In Morocco, the fertility transition process, like changes in fertility preferences, has been accompanied by a notable improvement in women's status. The aim of this paper is to study the impact of Moroccan women's empowerment on the actual-ideal gap, an indicator that measures the gap between two components, the number of surviving children and the ideal number of children, and hence on their ability to limit their fertility to this ideal. To build a good indicator of the empowerment, we used the SWPER composite index proposed in the literature, which is based on several dimensions, including participation in decision-making, attitude towards male violence, and other conventional measures of women's status such as education and participation in economic activity. The empirical examination was conducted using the Skellam method, which models difference between two Poisson variables. Data were derived from two national population and family health surveys conducted in 2004 and 2011. The results indicate that there is a plausible negative association between women's empowerment and the ideal number of children. However, the relationship with the number of surviving children is not always verified. The lack of a link between women's empowerment and the actual-ideal gap can hide a non-symmetric and equally strong effect on its two components. Moreover, in an advanced transition context, women's empowerment may not operate significantly on surviving fertility because of actual constraints like contraceptive efficiency and sex preferences.
摩洛哥的生育偏好和结果:妇女赋权对实际与理想差距有影响吗?
摘要:在摩洛哥,生育转型过程与生育偏好的变化一样,一直伴随着妇女地位的显著提高。本文的目的是研究摩洛哥妇女赋权对实际-理想差距的影响,这是一个衡量两个组成部分之间差距的指标,即幸存子女数量和理想子女数量,从而影响她们将生育率限制在这一理想水平的能力。为了建立一个良好的赋权指标,我们使用了文献中提出的SWPER综合指数,该指数基于几个维度,包括决策参与、对男性暴力的态度,以及其他衡量女性地位的传统指标,如教育和经济活动的参与。使用Skellam方法进行实证检验,该方法模拟两个泊松变量之间的差异。数据来自2004年和2011年进行的两次全国人口和家庭健康调查。研究结果表明,妇女赋权与理想子女数量之间存在似是而非的负相关关系。然而,与幸存儿童数量的关系并不总是得到核实。妇女赋权与实际与理想差距之间缺乏联系,可能会掩盖对其两个组成部分的不对称和同样强烈的影响。此外,在高级过渡背景下,由于避孕效率和性别偏好等实际限制,赋予妇女权力可能不会对幸存的生育能力产生重大影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Population Review
Population Review DEMOGRAPHY-
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
14.30%
发文量
3
期刊介绍: Population Review publishes scholarly research that covers a broad range of social science disciplines, including demography, sociology, social anthropology, socioenvironmental science, communication, and political science. The journal emphasizes empirical research and strives to advance knowledge on the interrelationships between demography and sociology. The editor welcomes submissions that combine theory with solid empirical research. Articles that are of general interest to population specialists are also desired. International in scope, the journal’s focus is not limited by geography. Submissions are encouraged from scholars in both the developing and developed world. Population Review publishes original articles and book reviews. Content is published online immediately after acceptance.
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