Phytoextraction Efficiency of Cadmium and Zinc by Arum (Colocasia esculenta L.) Grown in Hydroponics

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Md. Shoffikul Islam, M. Kashem, K. Osman
{"title":"Phytoextraction Efficiency of Cadmium and Zinc by Arum (Colocasia esculenta L.) Grown in Hydroponics","authors":"Md. Shoffikul Islam, M. Kashem, K. Osman","doi":"10.2525/ECB.55.113","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals reach soils through natural pedogenic (or geogenic) processes and anthropogenic activities. Often the concentrations of heavy metals released into the soil system by pedogenic processes are low and are largely related to the origin and nature of the parent material. However, anthropogenic activities primarily associated with industrial processes, manufacturing and the disposal of domestic and industrial waste materials are the major sources of metal enrichment in soils (Adriano, 2001). Unlike pedogenic input, metals added through anthropogenic activities often have high bioavailability. Metal uptake and accumulation from soils by plants are influenced by such factors as plant species, soil metal concentration, soil properties, rapid transport within the plant, the proliferation of roots in metal hotspots within the soil etc. (Adriano, 2001). Among the heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) is non-essential to biota, more mobile and bioavailable, potentially toxic to humans at lower concentrations than those toxic to plants (Kabata-Pendias and Pendias, 1992; Singh and McLaughlin, 1999). Zinc (Zn) is essential in trace amounts for plants but its concentrations found in contaminated soils frequently exceed those required by the plant and soil organisms, and thus create danger to animal and human health (Greenland and Hayes, 1981; Alkorta et al., 2004). Cd and Zn concentrations in some industrial sites of Bangladesh are found to range from 0.1 1.8 and 53 477 mg kg -1 , respectively (Kashem and Singh, 1999) which are above the background level for Cd (0.01 0.2) and Zn (68 mg kg -1 ) in soil (Domingo and Kyuma, 1983; Singh and Steinnes, 1994). However, the concentrations of Cd and Zn in vegetables grown in agricultural soils adjacent to the industrial areas of Bangladesh were observed in the range of 1.0 4.7 and 16.5 67.1 mg kg dry weight, respectively by Ahmad and Goni (2010) and 0.4 0.8 and 98 244 mg kg -1 dry weight, respectively by Kashem and Singh (1999). These values exceed the acceptable tolerance level for FAO/WHO standard of 0.3 mg Cd kg dry weight and 60 mg Zn kg dry weight (Codex Alimentarious Commission, 1984). It is therefore, important to develop methods to cleanup Cd and Zn contaminated soils. Phytoremediation, where hyperaccumulators are used to take up large quantities of pollutants from contaminated soils has been touted as a promising alternative for the generally expensive and disruptive conventional remediation techniques to reduce environmental health risks posed by Cd and Zn contaminated sites (McGrath et al., 2002). To date, about 700 species of plants have been reported to be hyperaccumulators of different contaminants (Xi et al., 2010), of which a good number of species have been considered as Cd and Zn hyperaccumulators (Raskin and Ensley, 2000). However, successful phytoextraction requires that these plants are capable of producing high biomass while accumulating large amounts of contaminants in the biomass from the soil (Liu et al., 2015). In the present investigation, we select a common and locally popular plant species arum (Colocasia esculenta L.). This plant is widely distributed in Bangladesh and can grow in both dry and marshy conditions. It has deep roots and long shoots. It possesses the","PeriodicalId":11762,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Control in Biology","volume":"4 1","pages":"113-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Control in Biology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2525/ECB.55.113","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3

Abstract

Heavy metals reach soils through natural pedogenic (or geogenic) processes and anthropogenic activities. Often the concentrations of heavy metals released into the soil system by pedogenic processes are low and are largely related to the origin and nature of the parent material. However, anthropogenic activities primarily associated with industrial processes, manufacturing and the disposal of domestic and industrial waste materials are the major sources of metal enrichment in soils (Adriano, 2001). Unlike pedogenic input, metals added through anthropogenic activities often have high bioavailability. Metal uptake and accumulation from soils by plants are influenced by such factors as plant species, soil metal concentration, soil properties, rapid transport within the plant, the proliferation of roots in metal hotspots within the soil etc. (Adriano, 2001). Among the heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) is non-essential to biota, more mobile and bioavailable, potentially toxic to humans at lower concentrations than those toxic to plants (Kabata-Pendias and Pendias, 1992; Singh and McLaughlin, 1999). Zinc (Zn) is essential in trace amounts for plants but its concentrations found in contaminated soils frequently exceed those required by the plant and soil organisms, and thus create danger to animal and human health (Greenland and Hayes, 1981; Alkorta et al., 2004). Cd and Zn concentrations in some industrial sites of Bangladesh are found to range from 0.1 1.8 and 53 477 mg kg -1 , respectively (Kashem and Singh, 1999) which are above the background level for Cd (0.01 0.2) and Zn (68 mg kg -1 ) in soil (Domingo and Kyuma, 1983; Singh and Steinnes, 1994). However, the concentrations of Cd and Zn in vegetables grown in agricultural soils adjacent to the industrial areas of Bangladesh were observed in the range of 1.0 4.7 and 16.5 67.1 mg kg dry weight, respectively by Ahmad and Goni (2010) and 0.4 0.8 and 98 244 mg kg -1 dry weight, respectively by Kashem and Singh (1999). These values exceed the acceptable tolerance level for FAO/WHO standard of 0.3 mg Cd kg dry weight and 60 mg Zn kg dry weight (Codex Alimentarious Commission, 1984). It is therefore, important to develop methods to cleanup Cd and Zn contaminated soils. Phytoremediation, where hyperaccumulators are used to take up large quantities of pollutants from contaminated soils has been touted as a promising alternative for the generally expensive and disruptive conventional remediation techniques to reduce environmental health risks posed by Cd and Zn contaminated sites (McGrath et al., 2002). To date, about 700 species of plants have been reported to be hyperaccumulators of different contaminants (Xi et al., 2010), of which a good number of species have been considered as Cd and Zn hyperaccumulators (Raskin and Ensley, 2000). However, successful phytoextraction requires that these plants are capable of producing high biomass while accumulating large amounts of contaminants in the biomass from the soil (Liu et al., 2015). In the present investigation, we select a common and locally popular plant species arum (Colocasia esculenta L.). This plant is widely distributed in Bangladesh and can grow in both dry and marshy conditions. It has deep roots and long shoots. It possesses the
海芋对镉和锌的植物提取效率水培法种植
重金属通过自然成土(或地质)过程和人为活动到达土壤。通过成土过程释放到土壤系统中的重金属浓度通常很低,并且主要与母质的来源和性质有关。然而,主要与工业过程、制造业以及家庭和工业废料处理有关的人为活动是土壤中金属富集的主要来源(Adriano, 2001年)。与成土输入不同,通过人为活动添加的金属通常具有较高的生物利用度。植物对土壤金属的吸收和积累受植物种类、土壤金属浓度、土壤性质、植物内部的快速运输、土壤中金属热点根部的增殖等因素的影响(Adriano, 2001)。在重金属中,镉(Cd)对生物群来说不是必需的,流动性和生物可利用性更强,浓度较低时对人类的潜在毒性比对植物的毒性低(Kabata-Pendias和Pendias, 1992;Singh和McLaughlin, 1999)。微量锌对植物至关重要,但在受污染土壤中发现的锌浓度往往超过植物和土壤生物所需的浓度,从而对动物和人类健康构成危险(Greenland和Hayes, 1981年;Alkorta et al., 2004)。孟加拉国一些工业场所的Cd和Zn浓度分别为0.1 1.8和53 477 mg kg -1 (Kashem和Singh, 1999年),高于土壤中Cd(0.01 0.2)和Zn (68 mg kg -1)的背景水平(Domingo和Kyuma, 1983年;Singh和Steinnes, 1994)。然而,Ahmad和Goni(2010年)和Kashem和Singh(1999年)观察到,在孟加拉国工业区附近农业土壤中种植的蔬菜中Cd和Zn的浓度分别为1.0 - 4.7和16.5 - 67.1毫克千克干重,以及0.4 - 0.8和98 - 244毫克千克干重。这些数值超过了粮农组织/世界卫生组织关于每公斤干重0.3毫克镉和每公斤干重60毫克锌的可接受容忍水平(食品法典委员会,1984年)。因此,研究镉、锌污染土壤的治理方法具有重要的现实意义。利用超蓄积体从受污染土壤中吸收大量污染物的植物修复被吹捧为一种有希望的替代方法,可以替代通常昂贵且具有破坏性的传统修复技术,以减少镉和锌污染地点造成的环境健康风险(McGrath等人,2002年)。然而,成功的植物提取要求这些植物能够产生高生物量,同时在土壤的生物量中积累大量污染物(Liu et al., 2015)。在本次调查中,我们选择了一种当地常见的植物——海芋(Colocasia esculenta L.)。这种植物广泛分布在孟加拉国,可以在干燥和沼泽条件下生长。它有很深的根和长长的芽。它拥有
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Environmental Control in Biology
Environmental Control in Biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信