Cancer cachexia in thoracic malignancy: a narrative review.

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI:10.1097/SPC.0000000000000465

Andrew C Kidd, Marcin Skrzypski, Mariam Jamal-Hanjani, Kevin G Blyth

{"title":"Cancer cachexia in thoracic malignancy: a narrative review.","authors":"Andrew C Kidd, Marcin Skrzypski, Mariam Jamal-Hanjani, Kevin G Blyth","doi":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000465","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Thoracic malignancies are amongst the most lethal of all cancers. Cancer cachexia lacks unanimously accepted diagnostic criteria, and therefore is referenced to as a conceptual framework whereby cancer cachexia is 'an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass (termed sarcopenia), with or without loss of fat mass that cannot be reversed by conventional nutritional support and leads to progressive functional impairment'. This review summarises the current evidence base in this field, including imaging techniques currently used to define sarcopenia, inflammatory and metabolic changes associated with the syndrome and ongoing research into potential treatment strategies.Recent findings: Sarcopenia is a key component of the cancer cachexia syndrome. It is common in patients with both early-stage and advanced NSCLC. Patients with sarcopenia have more treatment-related side effects and poorer overall survival compared with nonsarcopenic patients.Summary: Early identification of cancer cachexia may facilitate stratification of patients most-at-risk and initiation of emerging anticachexia treatments. If these are proven to be effective, this strategy has the potential to improve tolerance to anti-cancer therapies, improving the quality of life, and perhaps the survival, of patients with thoracic malignancies.","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SPC.0000000000000465","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: Thoracic malignancies are amongst the most lethal of all cancers. Cancer cachexia lacks unanimously accepted diagnostic criteria, and therefore is referenced to as a conceptual framework whereby cancer cachexia is 'an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass (termed sarcopenia), with or without loss of fat mass that cannot be reversed by conventional nutritional support and leads to progressive functional impairment'. This review summarises the current evidence base in this field, including imaging techniques currently used to define sarcopenia, inflammatory and metabolic changes associated with the syndrome and ongoing research into potential treatment strategies.

Recent findings: Sarcopenia is a key component of the cancer cachexia syndrome. It is common in patients with both early-stage and advanced NSCLC. Patients with sarcopenia have more treatment-related side effects and poorer overall survival compared with nonsarcopenic patients.

Summary: Early identification of cancer cachexia may facilitate stratification of patients most-at-risk and initiation of emerging anticachexia treatments. If these are proven to be effective, this strategy has the potential to improve tolerance to anti-cancer therapies, improving the quality of life, and perhaps the survival, of patients with thoracic malignancies.

查看原文本刊更多论文

胸部恶性肿瘤的癌症恶病质：叙述性综述。

审查目的：胸部恶性肿瘤是致死率最高的癌症之一。癌症恶病质缺乏一致公认的诊断标准，因此，癌症恶病质是指 "骨骼肌质量持续减少（称为肌肉疏松症），伴有或不伴有脂肪量减少，常规营养支持无法逆转，并导致进行性功能障碍 "的概念框架。本综述总结了这一领域目前的证据基础，包括目前用于界定肌肉疏松症的成像技术、与该综合症相关的炎症和代谢变化，以及正在进行的潜在治疗策略研究：肌肉疏松症是癌症恶病质综合征的一个重要组成部分。它常见于早期和晚期非小细胞肺癌患者。与无肌肉疏松症的患者相比，有肌肉疏松症的患者有更多与治疗相关的副作用，总生存率也更低。总结：癌症恶病质的早期识别有助于对高危患者进行分层，并启动新的抗恶病质治疗。如果这些疗法被证明有效，那么这一策略就有可能提高患者对抗癌疗法的耐受性，改善胸腔恶性肿瘤患者的生活质量，或许还能提高他们的生存率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.