Cost of adsorbent preparation and usage in wastewater treatment: A review

Joshua O. Ighalo , Fredrick O. Omoarukhe , Victor E. Ojukwu , Kingsley O. Iwuozor , Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe
{"title":"Cost of adsorbent preparation and usage in wastewater treatment: A review","authors":"Joshua O. Ighalo ,&nbsp;Fredrick O. Omoarukhe ,&nbsp;Victor E. Ojukwu ,&nbsp;Kingsley O. Iwuozor ,&nbsp;Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2022.100042","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cost of adsorbent preparation and usage is an important factor that determines its suitability for use in wastewater treatment in light of other competing technologies. Adsorbent cost can be determined via the cost of raw materials, discounted cash flow, cost indices, cost of adsorbent per gram of the adsorbate removed, Annual Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operating Expenditures (OPEX), and the cost of adsorbent application in an adsorption operation. The need to unify the various concepts of adsorbent cost of different researchers and the evaluation of how the process efficiency affects the process cost prompted the need for this study. This paper aimed to review the cost of using different adsorbents for treating wastewater. It also developed a quantitative metric for comparing adsorbent costs known as the “adsorbent cost performance,” termed as Ĉ (and computed in $/mol). This was elucidated as the dollar cost of producing and using 1 g of an adsorbent for the removal of 1 mole of a chemical species in the aqueous phase, considered at the theoretical point of maximum uptake of the chemical species. There is a wide variation in adsorbent cost performance, but most adsorbents fall between 1 and 200 $/mol. Adsorbents at &lt; 1 $/mol threshold can be considered very cheap for the intended application, while those at &gt; 200 $/mol can be considered very expensive. More investigations into adsorbent cost analysis are encouraged, especially in routine adsorption studies, to help extend the practical relevance of these papers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772782322000407/pdfft?md5=66b377d860a276d48a1d5e4b50d93b1d&pid=1-s2.0-S2772782322000407-main.pdf","citationCount":"59","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772782322000407","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 59

Abstract

The cost of adsorbent preparation and usage is an important factor that determines its suitability for use in wastewater treatment in light of other competing technologies. Adsorbent cost can be determined via the cost of raw materials, discounted cash flow, cost indices, cost of adsorbent per gram of the adsorbate removed, Annual Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operating Expenditures (OPEX), and the cost of adsorbent application in an adsorption operation. The need to unify the various concepts of adsorbent cost of different researchers and the evaluation of how the process efficiency affects the process cost prompted the need for this study. This paper aimed to review the cost of using different adsorbents for treating wastewater. It also developed a quantitative metric for comparing adsorbent costs known as the “adsorbent cost performance,” termed as Ĉ (and computed in $/mol). This was elucidated as the dollar cost of producing and using 1 g of an adsorbent for the removal of 1 mole of a chemical species in the aqueous phase, considered at the theoretical point of maximum uptake of the chemical species. There is a wide variation in adsorbent cost performance, but most adsorbents fall between 1 and 200 $/mol. Adsorbents at < 1 $/mol threshold can be considered very cheap for the intended application, while those at > 200 $/mol can be considered very expensive. More investigations into adsorbent cost analysis are encouraged, especially in routine adsorption studies, to help extend the practical relevance of these papers.

Abstract Image

废水处理中吸附剂的制备及使用成本综述
吸附剂的制备和使用成本是决定其与其他竞争技术相比是否适合用于废水处理的一个重要因素。吸附剂成本可以通过原材料成本、折现现金流、成本指数、每克吸附物的吸附剂成本、年度资本支出(CAPEX)和运营支出(OPEX)以及吸附剂在吸附操作中的应用成本来确定。需要统一不同研究人员对吸附剂成本的各种概念,以及评价工艺效率如何影响工艺成本,这促使了本研究的需要。本文综述了不同吸附剂处理废水的成本。它还开发了一种定量指标来比较吸附剂的成本,称为“吸附剂成本性能”,称为Ĉ(以$/mol计算)。这被解释为生产和使用1g吸附剂去除水相中1mol化学物质的美元成本,考虑到该化学物质的最大吸收理论点。吸附剂的成本性能差异很大,但大多数吸附剂的价格在1至200美元/摩尔之间。吸附剂<对于预期的应用来说,1美元/摩尔的阈值可以被认为是非常便宜的,而那些在>200美元/摩尔算是很贵了。鼓励对吸附剂成本分析进行更多的研究,特别是在常规吸附研究中,以帮助扩大这些论文的实际意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信