Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome complicated with demyelinating disease of the central nervous system:report of one case and literature review

Abstract

Objective To discuss the correlation of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) with autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and its possible pathogenesis by reporting one case of the disease and reviewing related literature. Methods One case of WAS complicated with demyelinating disease of the central nervous system was reported. The patient's clinical symptoms, laboratory examinations (such as blood tests, immune function tests, etc) and imaging features were analyzed. The patient's blood DNA was extracted and performed gene testing. And related literature was reviewed. Results The patient showed typical clinical symptoms of WAS, including eczema, thrombocytopenia and immune deficiency, complicated with demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The DNA testing showed C400G>C p. (ALa134Pro) mutation, which is a missense mutation. The 134th amino acid in protein was changed from alanine to proline. The patient also showed the symptoms of demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, which drew our attention. This was the first report on WAS complicated with demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, which was perhaps caused by a gene mutation. Conclusions WAS complicated with demyelinating disease of the central nervous system is possibly resulted from the gene mutation, which leads to the expression disorder of WAS protein. And then non-red hematopoietic cells lead to signal transduction and cytoskeleton recombination disorders in response to environment stimulus, which produces lymphocytes immigration, signal transduction and immune synaps formation disorders. Key words: Wiskott Aldrich syndrome; Demyelinating diseases; Central nervous system diseases; Autoimmune diseases