HYPOGLYCEMIC POTENTIAL OF HIBISCUS ROSA-SINENSIS AND MANGIFERA INDICA LEAVES BY IN VITRO METHODS

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the present study was to provide in vitro evidence for the potential inhibitory activity of extracts of Mangifera indica (MI) and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Methods: The plant extracts were prepared with methanol by maceration. Different concentrations (10, 20, 40, 80, and 100 μg/mL) of both the extracts were made using distilled water, and the extracts were subjected to α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory assay. The absorbance was measured at 540 nm and 405 nm using spectrophotometer. Using this method, the percentage of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and IC50 values of each extract were calculated. Results: The methanolic extracts of MI and H. rosa-sinensis exhibited significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The inhibitory effect of α-amylase inhibitory assay was observed up to 89% and 90% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL in MI and H. rosa-sinensis, respectively. The inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase inhibitory assay was observed up to 89% and 91% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL in MI and H. rosa-sinensis, respectively, and is comparable to the standard acarbose (94% at 100 μg/mL). The IC50 values of α-amylase inhibitory assay of MI and H. rosa-sinensis are 35.33 and 30.97, respectively. The IC50 values of α-glucosidase inhibitory assay of MI and H. rosa-sinensis are 31.67 and 25.86, respectively. The IC50 value of acarbose is 6.94. Conclusion: The results obtained support that MI and H. rosa-sinensis extracts exhibit considerable α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity which can be attributed to the phytochemical constituents present in them. Further, this study supports its usage in ethno medicines for the management of diabetes.