ADVANTAGEOUS SOURCES OF BREEDING AND VALUABLE TRAITS AMONG GRAPE VARIETIES OF ANAPA AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION

Abstract

Genetic collection of Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking includes samples of grape culture of various ecological and geographical origin, which are successfully used in breeding work of this experimental station and other scientific institutions. Active search for new sources and donors of economically valuable traits and resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors is carried out in ampelographic collection of genetic resources of Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking. This article contains main results of scientific research over the past three years related to the study and identification of new sources of economically valuable traits and resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors among the varieties of the ampelographic collection of Anapa Zonal Experimental Station for Viticulture and Winemaking - a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution of the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking. The objects of the research were grape varieties of various ecological and geographical origin from the gene pool of Anapa ampelographic collection. The study used traditional and improved breeding programs and methods. In the course of long-term research work, 15 sources of selection-valuable traits were identified among the grape varieties of Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking, which are used in crosses to create new varieties. These source varieties are annually investigated for phenological and agrobiological characteristics, which have consistently high parametres. As for table grape direction, such varieties as Strashenskiy, Doch Nimranga, Pamyati Dombkovskaya, Arcadia and Olimpiada have the highest fruiting coefficient and yield. Source varieties that annually have high parametres of sugar accumulation - an important feature for winemaking - Bastardo, White Muscat, Rkatsiteli Magaracha, Pierrel are actively used in hybridization to produce new high-quality grape varieties.