Genotype 5 Japanese Encephalitis Virus—Old Genotype, New Threat

Weijia Zhang, Chongxiao Xu, K. Nie, Huanyu Wang
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an important viral encephalitis with epidemic status in Asia, which is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a member of the genus Flavivirus. JEV is divided into five genotypes. Genotype 5 (G5) is relatively neglected because of the limited number of cases and strains isolated. The first strain of G5 JEV (Muar strain) was isolated in Singapore in 1952 in a patient from Muar, Malaysia. The second strain (XZ0934) was isolated 57 years later in China, thus indicating the re-emergence of G5 JEV. A female patient who had been vaccinated against JE was infected with G5 JEV in Korea in 2015. JE is a vaccine-preventable disease, and its incidence has decreased with vaccination in many Asian countries. G3 JEV is the main candidate for current JE vaccines, which include attenuated, inactivated and chimeric type vaccines. However, the available vaccines do not provide adequate protection against the older G5 JEV lineage. Therefore, more research on this genotype is crucial for developing better detection methods, expanding surveillance to determine the possible chains of viral transmission for this new threat and developing a polyvalent JEV vaccine.
基因型5日本脑炎病毒-老基因型,新威胁
日本脑炎(Japanese encephalitis, JE)是由黄病毒属的日本脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus, JEV)引起的一种重要的病毒性脑炎。乙脑病毒分为5个基因型。由于分离的病例和菌株数量有限,基因型5 (G5)相对被忽视。首株G5乙脑病毒(麻风株)于1952年在新加坡从马来西亚麻风的一名患者中分离出来。第二株毒株(XZ0934)是57年后在中国分离到的,表明G5乙脑病毒再次出现。2015年,一名接种过乙脑疫苗的女性患者感染了G5乙脑病毒。乙脑是一种疫苗可预防的疾病,在许多亚洲国家,由于疫苗接种,其发病率已有所下降。G3乙脑病毒是目前乙脑疫苗的主要候选疫苗,包括减毒、灭活疫苗和嵌合型疫苗。然而,现有的疫苗不能对G5乙脑病毒老株提供足够的保护。因此,对这种基因型进行更多的研究对于开发更好的检测方法、扩大监测以确定这种新威胁的可能病毒传播链以及开发多价乙脑病毒疫苗至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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