An Updated Review of the Gestational Diabetes

Abstract

High blood glucose levels during pregnancy can lead to unfavorable outcomes in the mother, fetus, and neonatal state. This review focused on the latest guidelines on diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of gestational diabetes mellites. This narrative review was conducted by searching through several online databases including PubMed, Science Direct, and Embase for relevant articles using keywords such as "Gestational Diabetes", "Diabetes Mellitus", "Pregnancy", and "guideline" with no date limitations. Based on the literature review, proper treatment of diabetes during pregnancy results in a normal pregnancy, labor, postpartum state. The key to a normal pregnancy is to control and keep your blood sugar levels within the recommended range by various guidelines, which were the discussion subjects of this narrative review in detail. In addition to maintaining normal blood sugar levels before or during pregnancy, there should be a balance between diet, exercise, and insulin intake if indicated for treatment. Gestational diabetes control program needs close monitoring and appraisal with progression in the pregnancy. As a result, recognizing the burden of gestational diabetes is decisive for timely diagnosis and further evaluations by healthcare policymakers. Overall, multiple updates on the guidelines of gestational diabetes management are annually published, and a comparison of these guidelines could inform clinicians to update their approach.