A primer to image enhanced endoscopy.

Abstract

of endoscopic Imaging it also allows detailed understanding of the pathophysiology of various disease states. Probe based confocal endomicroscopy system (Mauna Kea) utilises low power laser light source for tissue illumination with the resultant reflected fluorescence light captured via a pin hole with focal plane being the same for illumination and reflectance thus increasing the spatial resolution. It has been extensively studied in the GI tract as well as biliopancreatic applications. The advantage of pCLE lies in its ability to be used with any endoscopy system and visualise at cellular level thus lending to molecular imaging. On the other hand, it is also a limitation since it cannot be used widely in community setting outside of Academic centres. The combination of widefield scanning and detailed imaging of surface and subsurface epithelium is now achieved in the oesophagus with volumetric laser endomicroscopy (VLE) which is a new endoscopic imaging technology (NvisionVLE Imaging System, NinePoint Medical) utilizing advanced optical coherence tomography with near infrared light and balloon - centered imaging probes that produce scans of 6 - cm segments of the oesophagus useful in Barrett’s surveillance endoscopy . Endocytoscopy is a variation from pCLE wherein higher magnification is achieved with a single integrated zoom lens providing continuous zoom-focus magnification up to 500× and observation range of 570 μm × 500 μm incorporated in a standard gastroscope colonoscope. This allows real time viewing at cellular level during routine upper or lower GI endoscopy field imaging Capsule finally series imaging st