DESIGN OF SANITARY PROTECTION ZONES FOR UNDERGROUND WATER INTAKES USING GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

The article reveals the features of designing sanitary protection zones for underground water intakes for oil fields in Western Siberia using GIS technologies.Sanitary protection zones (SPZs) shall be organized in accordance with the requirements of [1-4] to create and ensure the sanitary protection regime for drinking water supply sources and their accompanying water supply facilities. The purpose of the SPZ organization is sanitary protection of both the source of water supply itself and the adjacent territory from biological and chemical pollution. A special management mode is established in each of the three SPZ belts, and a certain set of security measures is developed for each belt to prevent deterioration of water quality [3, 10]. The purpose of the first SPZ belt is to protect water wells and structures from accidental or intentional contamination and damage, therefore, the first SPZ belt is limited to the territory of the site of water wells, treatment and water supply facilities.The size of the second SPZ belt was determined provided that bacterial contamination entering the captive aquifer beyond the border of the second belt does not reach the water intake during the survival time of microorganisms Tm, and the size of the third SPZ belt — based on the conditions of stable composition of pollutants in the water for the entire period of operation of the water intake.The task of establishing three zones of the water intake SPZ is to calculate the dimensions of the SPZ boundaries and apply these boundaries to the topobase of the area taking into account the general plan of the designed construction object.The article contains several examples of solving practical problems for determining the boundaries of sanitary protection of underground water intakes, in cases where there is no natural groundwater flow (i = 0), there is (i > 0) and where it is necessary to determine the direction of groundwater flow and natural flow rate as a function of the pressure gradient i.