Non-Oncological and Non-Infectious Diseases of the Penis (Penile Lesions)

Abstract

Skin diseases of the male genitalia can be categorized in three major areas: oncology, infectious and inflammatory diseases. Inflammatory dermatoses are frequently not restricted to the genital skin and often occur on other sites of the body. Herein we will deal the most important non-oncological and non-infectious skin disorders of the penis, such as psoriasis, lichen planus, lichen sclerosus, eczema, plasma cell balanitis, fixed drug eruption and vitiligo. Early adequate diagnosis is based on the principle of pattern recognition. Histological examination of a biopsy may help the clinician in the diagnostic process. The T cell is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of these inflammatory dermatoses, although the exact nature of the triggers involved in the T cell activation is not known. Anti-inflammatory therapy with topical corticosteroids is effective and safe. This is warranted since abnormalities of the penile skin are frequently accompanied by a profound psychological impact.