From Making "Tools" to Becoming "People" -- The Transformation and Experience of American Educational Punishment Governance

Jiayi Chen
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Abstract

In recent years, it has been known from the network news that American school bullying incidents are frequent, its severity and concealment are gradually increasing, and the main body of bullying is also getting younger and younger. American bullying not only causes severe damage to the physical and mental health of minors but destroys the order of the daily management of the school and also increases the risk of the safety of the campus, on the harmfulness of more significant social issues, such as the United States in most cases, it still takes criticism education some force weaker moral means, the effective governance bullying is not enough. The rule of law is the most effective way to achieve social governance. Every student's campus life is a drill for the future in social life. Their behaviour will eventually affect the public social order. Therefore, American society has put forward a zero-tolerance policy for school bullying. Many public schools in the United States have the characteristics of exclusion, punishment, and decriminalization in managing students' violations and malicious bullying. It not only fails to give full play to the educational nature of punishment effectively but also aggravates severe social problems such as minors dropping out of school, low-school employment, and juvenile delinquency, which increases the educational cost of American society and the cost of colonial governance and management. Under the guidance of the concept of supporting policy, the federal government by eliminating the repellent of early childhood environment discipline, creating a safe and supportive learning environment, promote education in different stages of the field to carry out the resilience measures such as justice, fair and continue to encourage educational discipline, promote the development of children's social emotion and behavior, to guide students to learn and grow in the wrong, American academic punishment has successfully realized the successful transformation of teaching philosophy and education reform, which is worthy of practical reference and complete reference for China's current treatment of school bullying incidents. Better promoting Chinese education can also embark on equitable and healthy future development.
从“工具”到“人”——美国教育惩戒治理的转型与经验
近年来,从网络新闻中了解到,美国校园欺凌事件频发,其严重性和隐蔽性逐渐增加,欺凌主体也越来越年轻化。美国的校园霸凌现象不仅对未成年人的身心健康造成严重损害,而且破坏了学校日常管理的秩序,也增加了校园安全的风险,在危害性上更为显著的社会问题上,如美国在大多数情况下,仍然采取批判教育的一些力量较弱的道德手段,对霸凌现象的有效治理是不够的。法治是实现社会治理的最有效途径。每个学生的校园生活都是对未来社会生活的演练。他们的行为最终会影响公共社会秩序。因此,美国社会对校园欺凌行为提出了零容忍政策。美国许多公立学校在处理学生违规和恶意欺凌行为时,都具有排斥、惩罚和非刑事化的特点。它不仅没有有效发挥惩罚的教育性质,而且加剧了未成年人辍学、低就业率、青少年犯罪等严重的社会问题,增加了美国社会的教育成本和殖民统治管理的成本。在支持政策理念的指导下,联邦政府通过消除对幼儿环境纪律的排斥,营造安全和支持性的学习环境,促进教育领域不同阶段开展公正、公平和持续鼓励教育纪律等弹性措施,促进儿童社会情感和行为的发展,引导学生在错误中学习和成长;美国的学刑成功地实现了教学理念和教育改革的成功转型,对中国当前处理校园霸凌事件值得实践借鉴和完全借鉴。更好地促进中国教育也可以走上公平和健康的未来发展。
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