The association of age, gender, tumor site, and smoking habit with histopathologic types of colorectal carcinoma patients in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Colorectal carcinoma is the world's third most common type of cancer. The incidence in India is around 7/100,000. From GLOBOCAN data, the incidence of colorectal cancer in Indonesia is 17.2 per 100,000 adult population, with a mortality of 8.4% of all cancer cases. Several parameters were related to the risk of colorectal carcinoma. This study aims to evaluate the association of age, gender, tumor site, and smoking habit with histopathologic types of colorectal carcinoma patients in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia. Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 158 cases of colorectal carcinoma using a descriptive categorical sampling technique at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia, from January-March 2022. The variables assessed in this study were age, gender, tumor site, smoking habit, and histopathologic types of colorectal carcinoma. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 for Windows. Results: There were 158 cases of colorectal carcinoma. According to age, most patients were 45-60 years old (41.1%), while 18-44 years and over 60 years had almost the same proportion. In this study, most of the tumors were found in the distal part, namely the rectum (30.4%), rectosigmoid (18.4%) and sigmoid (17.1%). Most of the subjects were smokers (78.5%). Meanwhile, according to the histological type, 85.4% were adenocarcinomas, followed by mucinous adenocarcinomas (13.3%) and signet ring cell types (1.3%). There is no significant relationship between age, gender, tumor location, and smoking habits with the histopathological type of colorectal carcinoma (p>0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between age, gender, tumor location, and smoking habits with the histopathological type of colorectal carcinoma.