Evaluating the Extracts of Water Melon Rind, Alayyaho, Yakuwa and Karikashi as remedy for Protein Energy Malnutrition

International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-26 DOI:10.11648/J.IJNFS.20211002.12

O. Gideon, Oyeniyi Patience Fumilayo, Adamu Hauwau Zakari, Muhammad Sumayya Thani, Maidawa Chongda Zakmi, Adama Isaiah Ufedo, Lamido Abubakar Umar

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Abstract

50% of world hungry people live in the third world countries with the worrisome implication among children under age five as a result of malnutrition. This situation persists because cheaper available sources of quality and quantity protein and energy low-cost foods (leaf vegetables and agricultural waste) and simple technologies are not exploited. Result of% yield and mass loss showed loss in mass in the study with Method 3 (with Tsamiya as coagulant) having the least value. The results of chemical composition showed energy content; WRE had the highest value (363.19 Kcal) and least value in KKB (309.63 Kcal). Protein content; YIE had the highest value (33g) and least value in AXT (21g) while carbohydrate content WRE and KKB had the highest value (51.6g) and least value in AXT (44.91g/100g). Result of amino acid profile showed eighteen amino acids (which were higher in quantity than their respective RDA values) of which ten were essential amino acids. The first limiting and second limiting amino acids were methionine and isoleucine respectively. The results of the blood analysis showed albumin value ranged from 3.6 - 3.8 (g/dL), Hematocrit parameters (ASA, ALA and creatinine) and all showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the diets and the control. Cholesterol values were within the normal range (<150 mg/dL). Result of food intake showed that the rats fed the control had the highest value (327 g) and least value in YIE (276g). PER of all the diet were higher than 2.7. Weight gained were between 38-44 g; EFU (34% - 48%), NPR (3.2 - 4.5) and TD (82% - 95%) and showed no significant difference with the control diet. The result of the functional properties showed BD was highest in sample AXT (12.5) and least in sample YIE (6.61), WAC was highest in sample AXT (12.5) and least in sample YIE (6.61), OAC was highest in sample AXT (12.5) and least in sample YIE (6.61), MD was highest in sample WRE (89.65) and least in sample KKB (85.07), EC was highest in sample KKB (9.115) and least in sample WRE (3.25), FS was highest in sample AXT (28.27) and least in sample WRE (20.75) and PS was highest in sample KKB (23.96) and least in sample WRE (20.64). This study showed that the concentrates can support growth and development especially in infants.

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西瓜皮提取物对蛋白质能量营养不良的疗效评价

世界上50%的饥饿人口生活在第三世界国家，五岁以下儿童因营养不良而令人担忧。这种情况之所以持续存在，是因为没有开发出质量和数量都更便宜的现有蛋白质和能量来源、低成本食品(叶菜和农业废物)和简单的技术。产率和质量损失的结果表明，以Tsamiya为混凝剂的方法3的质量损失最小。化学成分结果显示能量含量;WRE的KKB值最高(363.19 Kcal)，最小(309.63 Kcal)。蛋白质含量;在AXT中，ye值最高(33g)，最小(21g)，而碳水化合物含量WRE和KKB值最高(51.6g)，最小(44.91g/100g)。氨基酸谱结果显示，18种氨基酸的含量高于RDA值，其中10种为必需氨基酸。第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸，第二限制性氨基酸为异亮氨酸。血液分析结果显示，白蛋白值为3.6 ~ 3.8 (g/dL)，红细胞压积参数(ASA、ALA和肌酐)均与对照组无显著差异(p>0.05)。胆固醇值在正常范围内(<150 mg/dL)。摄食结果显示，对照组大鼠的ie值最高(327 g)，最低(276g)。各日粮PER均大于2.7。体重增加38-44克;EFU(34% ~ 48%)、NPR(3.2 ~ 4.5)和TD(82% ~ 95%)与对照组无显著差异。功能特性分析结果表明，BD在样品AXT中最高(12.5)，在样品YIE中最低(6.61)，WAC在样品AXT中最高(12.5)，在样品YIE中最低(6.61)，OAC在样品AXT中最高(12.5)，在样品YIE中最低(6.61)，MD在样品WRE中最高(89.65)，在样品KKB中最低(85.07)，EC在样品KKB中最高(9.115)，在样品WRE中最低(3.25)。FS在样品AXT中最高(28.27)，在样品WRE中最低(20.75);PS在样品KKB中最高(23.96)，在样品WRE中最低(20.64)。这项研究表明，浓缩物可以促进生长发育，特别是婴儿。

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International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences

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