{"title":"Seleksi jagung hibrida UNPAD berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari pada sistem tanam tumpang sari jagung-ubi jalar","authors":"Jajang Supriatna, Fakhri Nasharul Syihab, Novriza Sativa, Yuyun Yuwariah, D. Ruswandi","doi":"10.15575/14955","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Tumpangsari merupakan pemanfaatan lahan dengan cara menanam dua jenis tanaman atau lebih. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam sistem tanaman tumpangsari adalah penentuan jenis serta kultivar tanaman yang digunakan. Sebagian besar kultivar jagung yang beredar di masyarakat dikembangkan untuk pertanaman tunggal sehingga diperlukan kegiatan seleksi untuk mendapatkan kultivar jagung yang sesuai untuk sistem tanam tumpangsari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyeleksi 22 jagung hibrida berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Margamulya, Kecamatan Cikajang, Garut, Jawa Barat dengan.ketinggian 1346 meter diatas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktor Tunggal dengan dua metode yaitu metode eksperimental dan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 20 hibrida terseleksi berdasarkan karakter diameter tongkol, 18 hibrida berdasarkan karakter panjang tongkol, 19 hibrida berdasarkan karakter jumlah baris biji per tongkol, dan 13 hibrida berdasarkan karakter jumlah biji per tongkol. Berdasarkan parameter tumpangsari terseleksi 3 hibrida dengan kritera menguntungkan dalam kondisi sistem tanam tumpangsari dengan ubi jalar berdasarkan Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), 13 hibrida menunjukkan lebih kompetitif dibandingkan dengan ubi jalar berdasarkan Competitive Ratio (CR), dan semua hibrida mengalami kehilangan hasil berdasarkan Actual Yield Loss (AYL). Hibrida DR7 x DR8, DR 14 X DR 18 dan MDR 3.1.4 X MDR 18.5.1 merupakan hibrida terseleksi berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari.ABSTRACTIntercropping is cultivating two or more types of plants at the same field. Selecting type and cultivar of the plants need to be considered in the intercropping system. Commonly, the available corn cultivars in the market are developed for single cropping. Therefore plant selection is necessary to obtain corn cultivars suitable for intercropping systems. The research was conducted in Desa Margamulya, Cikajang District, Garut, West Java at 1346 meters above sea level. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) design with two methods; the experimental method and the quantitative descriptive method. The results showed 20 hybrids were selected on the character of cob diameter, 18 combinations surface of the cob length, 19 hybrids on the number of cob seed rows, 13 hybrids on the number of cob kernels. According to the parameters of intercropping combinations, 3 hybrids were selected with superior characters in intercropping condition with sweet potatoes based on Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), 13 hybrids showed the more competitive characters compared to sweet potatoes based on Competitive Ratio (CR) and all hybrids showed yield loss based on Actual Yield Loss (AYL). Hybrids DR7 x DR8, DR 14 X DR 18 and MDR 3.1.4 X MDR 18.5.1 are selected hybrids based on yield components and intercropping parameters.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15575/14955","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Tumpangsari merupakan pemanfaatan lahan dengan cara menanam dua jenis tanaman atau lebih. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam sistem tanaman tumpangsari adalah penentuan jenis serta kultivar tanaman yang digunakan. Sebagian besar kultivar jagung yang beredar di masyarakat dikembangkan untuk pertanaman tunggal sehingga diperlukan kegiatan seleksi untuk mendapatkan kultivar jagung yang sesuai untuk sistem tanam tumpangsari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyeleksi 22 jagung hibrida berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Margamulya, Kecamatan Cikajang, Garut, Jawa Barat dengan.ketinggian 1346 meter diatas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktor Tunggal dengan dua metode yaitu metode eksperimental dan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 20 hibrida terseleksi berdasarkan karakter diameter tongkol, 18 hibrida berdasarkan karakter panjang tongkol, 19 hibrida berdasarkan karakter jumlah baris biji per tongkol, dan 13 hibrida berdasarkan karakter jumlah biji per tongkol. Berdasarkan parameter tumpangsari terseleksi 3 hibrida dengan kritera menguntungkan dalam kondisi sistem tanam tumpangsari dengan ubi jalar berdasarkan Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), 13 hibrida menunjukkan lebih kompetitif dibandingkan dengan ubi jalar berdasarkan Competitive Ratio (CR), dan semua hibrida mengalami kehilangan hasil berdasarkan Actual Yield Loss (AYL). Hibrida DR7 x DR8, DR 14 X DR 18 dan MDR 3.1.4 X MDR 18.5.1 merupakan hibrida terseleksi berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari.ABSTRACTIntercropping is cultivating two or more types of plants at the same field. Selecting type and cultivar of the plants need to be considered in the intercropping system. Commonly, the available corn cultivars in the market are developed for single cropping. Therefore plant selection is necessary to obtain corn cultivars suitable for intercropping systems. The research was conducted in Desa Margamulya, Cikajang District, Garut, West Java at 1346 meters above sea level. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) design with two methods; the experimental method and the quantitative descriptive method. The results showed 20 hybrids were selected on the character of cob diameter, 18 combinations surface of the cob length, 19 hybrids on the number of cob seed rows, 13 hybrids on the number of cob kernels. According to the parameters of intercropping combinations, 3 hybrids were selected with superior characters in intercropping condition with sweet potatoes based on Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), 13 hybrids showed the more competitive characters compared to sweet potatoes based on Competitive Ratio (CR) and all hybrids showed yield loss based on Actual Yield Loss (AYL). Hybrids DR7 x DR8, DR 14 X DR 18 and MDR 3.1.4 X MDR 18.5.1 are selected hybrids based on yield components and intercropping parameters.