Prophylactic Use of Hydroxychloroquine and Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Healthcare Workers - A Matched Case-control Study

Abstract

Introduction: Healthcare Workers (HCWs) are at a higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection as they have greater exposure to confirmed COVID-19 patients. It is essential to implement prophylactic measures to reduce the incidence of COVID-19 among them. The Indian guidelines recommend the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as prophylaxis for HCWs. Objective: To investigate the role of HCQ as prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs.Method: The cases and controls were matched at an individual level on occupation (doctor, nurse, technical staff, attending/ cleaning staff, administrative staff), area of posting (whether designated COVID care area or non-COVID area), use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and risk category of exposure.Results: In matched-pair analysis, no statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of COVID-19 infection with the use of HCQ for prophylaxis (OR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.40-1.36).Conclusion: Prophylactic use of HCQ does not have any effect on the prevention of COVID-19 infection.