Comparative Study on the Effect of Diode Laser Application on the Longevity of Fluoride Release from Three Different Fluoride Varnishes: An in vitro Study

Abstract

Introduction: The use of fluoride for caries prevention has been known for many decades, as it has the ability to incorporate into the crystalline lattice of dental hard tissues, resulting in a tissue less soluble in acidic environment. Other alternatives for preventing dental caries are metal ions; Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF). The laser–fluoridation combination was introduced as a technique that combines the application of fluoride varnish along and laser. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of diode laser when irradiated at diffirent powers and when used either before or after fluoride varnish application on the longevity of fluoride release using ion selective electrode, from three different fluoride varnishes (in vitro study): Enamel pro varnish, Clinpro XT varnish and Nano Silver Fluoride. Material and Methods: 72 samples were collected, and then divided into 3 groups: Group I: Enamel pro, Group II: Clinpro XT and GroupIII: Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF). Each group was subdivided according to diode laser application into 3 subgroups, then samples were placed individually in a test tube containing artificial saliva. Fluoride release was measured by ion selective electrode for fluoride. Results: Clinpro XT had the highest amount of fluoride release followed by Enamel pro. Meanwhile, NSF didn`t release a significant amount of fluoride. There was a statistically significant difference in fluoride release when diode laser was irradiated at 5 Watt, after Enamel pro and Clinpro XT application. However, no significant effect for diode laser irradiation on NSF was found when used either before or after NSF treatment. Conclusion: Enamel pro and Clinpro XT can be used efficiently as fluoride varnishes. Diode laser irradiation at 5 Watt after fluoride varnish application has a profound effect on fluoride release.