Those few horrible days: Premenstrual syndrome

G. Sarla
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Abstract

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a distinct clinical syndrome during the recurrent luteal phase of menstrual cycle wherein there is a significant deterioration in the quality of life due to disruptive physical and psychiatric symptoms caused by an abnormal central nervous system response to the hormonal changes of the female reproductive cycle. It happens in the postovulation phase because estrogen and progesterone levels fall dramatically if there is no pregnancy. Physical symptoms include breast tenderness and bloating sensation, and emotional symptoms may manifest as mood swings, depression or feeling of hopelessness, intense anger and conflict with others, tension, anxiety, irritability, decreased interest in usual activities, difficulty in concentrating, fatigue, and changes in appetite. Symptoms emerge 1–2 weeks before menses and resolve completely with the onset of menses. This review article outlines the pathophysiology, presentation, severity and timing of symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of PMS and reiterates that it is a transient and physiological phase during the menstrual cycle and not a pathological entity.
那些可怕的日子:经前综合症
经前综合征(PMS)是在月经周期黄体期反复出现的一种独特的临床综合征,其中由于中枢神经系统对女性生殖周期激素变化的异常反应而引起的破坏性身体和精神症状导致生活质量显著恶化。它发生在排卵期后,因为如果没有怀孕,雌激素和黄体酮水平会急剧下降。身体症状包括乳房压痛和腹胀感,情绪症状可能表现为情绪波动、抑郁或绝望感、强烈愤怒和与他人冲突、紧张、焦虑、易怒、对日常活动兴趣下降、注意力难以集中、疲劳和食欲变化。症状在月经前1-2周出现,并随着月经的开始而完全消失。这篇综述文章概述了经前症候群的病理生理、表现、症状的严重程度和时间、诊断和治疗,并重申它是月经周期中短暂的生理阶段,而不是病理实体。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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